Entomology Flashcards
1
Q
ovipar
A
lays eggs outside the female
2
Q
vivpar
A
gives birth to larva
3
Q
temporer
A
short term
4
Q
stationer
A
permanent life long on host
5
Q
parts of insets head
A
antennae
palpsy
6
Q
difference between insects and arachnids
A
4 pairs of limbs in arachnids with no antennae or wings
7
Q
stenoxen
A
host specific
8
Q
morphology of lice
A
1-14mm
females are bigger
dorsoventrally flattened
9 abdominal segments
6 pairs of spiracles
No wings
No eyes
9
Q
the chewing louse
A
head wider than thorax
chewing mouth parts ventrally
3-5 segmented antennae
no vector potential
chewing mouthparts ventrally
10
Q
ambylvera
A
possible to hide antennae in groove
11
Q
ischnocera
A
not possible to hide antennae
12
Q
blood sucking louse latin
A
anoplura
13
Q
blood sucking louse
A
head narrower than thorax
vectors for bacteria and viruses
piercing mouthpart
terminally 5 segmented antennae
single tarsal claw
whole epimorphosis takes place on the host
14
Q
development of lice
A
epimorphosis with 3 nymphal stages
15
Q
clinical signs of lice
A
scratching
intense grooming
hair/ fleece / feather loss
blood loss
weight loss
dermatitis
lameness
16
Q
lice in horses
A
haematopinus asini
17
Q
lice in cattle
A
linognathus vituli
haematoppinus eurysternus
solenopotes capillatus
18
Q
lice in sheep
A
linognathus ovillus
l. pedalis
l. stenopsis
19
Q
lice in pigs
A
haemodipsus ventricosus
20
Q
lice in rat
A
polyplax spinulosa
21
Q
lice in mouse
A
polyplas spinulosa
22
Q
lice in man
A
pediculul humanus
pediculus capitis
phthirus pubis
23
Q
amblycera
A
chewing or biting lice
24
Q
ischnocera
A
chewing or biting lice
25
are fleas host specific
no they can suck blood from different species
26
wings of fleas
wingless
a 3rd pair of legs for jumping
27
are fleas vectors
yes for many viruses and bacteria
28
latin for fleas
siphonaptera
29
morphology of fleas
1-6mm laterally flattened, wingless
short club like antenna in a recess
piercing sucking mouth parts
30
eggs of fleas
take up 95% of infections
0.5mm
oviod smooth surface
31
combs of fleas
one ctenidium or 2 ctenidia
one on the head (genital comb , ventrally)
one on the thorax (pronotal comb, anteriorly)
32
abdominal segments of flea
10
33
development of flea
metamorphosis
3 larval forms
34
what do flea larva feed off of
the faeces of the adults and debris
35
difference between male and female flea
male sucks blood
fertilised female digs into skin becoming a pea sized module
36
what does 3rd larva of flea do
spins a coccoon which pupation occurs within
37
clinical signs of fleas
restlessness
scratching
intense grooming
anaemia
FAD
38
dogs flea hot spot
lumbosacral and gluteal region
39
definition of bugs
temporary, blood sucking, nocturnal ectoparasites of mammals, birds
40
latin for bugs
hemiptera
41
2 parasitic families of bugs
cimex
triatoma
42
is feeding temporary or permanent for parasitic bugs
temporary
43
morphology of bugs
dorsoventrally flattened
4 segmented antennae, slender
3 segmented beak and tarsus
compound eyes are small, antennae are slim
44
latin for bed bug
cimex lectularius
45
bed bug morphology
5-7mm reddish brown
scent gland
11 segmented abdomen
respiratory spiracles ventrally
blood sucking mouth parts lay ventrally
46
what time of day do bed bugs feed
nocturnal - feed at night
mating, egg laying, moults take place in dark cracks and crevices during the day
47
are bed bugs a vector for any disease
no
48
kissing bugs in latin
triatoma spp
49
what part of the world are bed bugs
worldwide
50
what part of the world are kissing bugs
south and central america
51
morphology of kissing bug
flattened with reduced forewing and membranaceous hind wing
52
are kissing bugs vectors for anything
trypanosomes
53
what happens during day and night of kissing bugs
both genders feed on blood during the night
mating, egg laying, moults take place in dark cracks and crevices during the day
54
development of kissing bugs
epimorphosis
55
how many nymphal stages in kissing bugs
5
56
diagnosis of kissing bugs
disageeable odour
specks of faeces
trace of blood sucking (bite)
57
lesser mealworm or darkling beetle
alphitobius diaperinus
58
where is the darkling beetle found
in feed, litter, manure, dead birds, nest of wild birds, reservoir of poultry pathogens
59
what can darkling beetles carry
bacteria
viruses
tapeworm
60
tunnelling activity of the darkling beetle
damages insulation materials of poultry houses - feeds on digestible material and chew holes in all kinds of material
61
morphology of darkling beetle
5mm
dark reddish brown to bright black
62
development of darkling beetle
holometamorphosis
63
number of larval instars in darkling beetle
7-11 larval instars
64
diptera order wings
single pair of membranous wings
pair of halteres
65
parasitic diptera
adults found externally
larva found in wounds, tissues and alimentary canal
66
can diptera be a vector
yes
67
2 suborders of diptera order
nematocera
brachycera
68
development of diptera
holometamorphosis
69
nematocera females
parasitic larva
mummy like pupae
70
nematocera families
anopheles, culex, aedes
simuliidae - simulium
psychodidae - phlebotomus
ceratopogonidae - culicoides
71
brachycera familits
orthorrhapha
tabanidae
cyclorrhapha
glossinidae
fannidae
muscidae
72
difference between orthorrhapha and cyclorrhapha
orthorrhapha - puparium is straight slit with females only drinking on blood
cyclorrhapha - puparium is circular split with both genders feed on blood larva
73
latin for mosquitoes
culicidae
74
morphology of mosquitoes
2-10mm long
slender body
long legs and wings
75
anatomy of mosquitoes of females
paired maxillae and mandibles
hypopharynx
labrum
pierce sucking mouthparts
fleshy labrum not entering the skin
pilose - hairy
76
anatomy of mosquitoes in males
reduced or absent maxillae, mandibles
long antenna
plumose - feathery in males
77
resting position of anopheles
characterisitically straight
acute angle with surfce
78
culex, aedes resting position
bended at thorax
the whole body parallel with the surface
79
developement of mosquitoes
holometamorphosis
4 larval stages
80
male vector for what dieases
non
81
females vector for what dieases
yellow fever
dengue
west nile
plsmodium spp
dirofilaria ssp
heartworm
82
eggs of mosquitoes
elongated
ovoid or boat shaped
laid in water
or in groups
83
anopheles lay eggs
parallel
84
culex and aedes lay eggs
in angle with surface
85
latin for blackflies
simuliidae family
s. columbaschense
s. damnosum
86
when are blackflies actice
diurnal - active during morning or early evening
87
feeding of blackflies
females suck blood
painful bite
lacterates tissues until a pool of blood forms
88
morphology of blackflies
1.5-6mm long
stout body
humped thorax
black
grey
yellowish brown
short, stout antenna erected forward
short mouth parts
prominent maxillary palps
89
eyes of females
seperated - dichoptic
90
eyes of males
closer - holoptic
91
developement of blackflies
holometamorphosis
6-9 larval instars
92
puparium in blackflies
mummy like
segmented cocoon
pupation within a slipper-shaped cocoon
long resp gills
93
eggs of blackflies
ovoid
laid in batches
on stones or vegetation near running water
94
clinical signs of blackflies
biting nuisance
mass attack may cause simuliotoxicosis
generalised petechial hemorrhages
oedema of the larynx, abdominal wall
anemia of poultry
95
are blackflies a vector
yes females
bluetongue virus
onchocerca nematodes
trypanosoma
leucocytozoon
96
latin for sandflies
phlebotomus
97
location of sandflies
trpics, subtropics, mediterranean
98
what do sandflies eat
females suck blood
both sexes feed on plant juices
99
morphology of sandflies
5nm dull coloured
body covered in hairs
long and slender antennae erect forward
very long antennae, short mouthparts
maxillary palps
100
development of sadnflies
holometamorphosis
4 larval instars
101
eggs of sandlfies
ovoid
laid in cracks, burrows or holes in the ground
102
are sandflies vectors
females can transmit and sustain bacteria and viruses and leishmania
103
latin for biting midges
culicoides
104
host specificty of biting midges
attack every warm blooded animal
105
what do biting midges eat
females feed on blood
males feed on plant juices
106
morphology of biting midges
extrememly tiny
1.5-5mm
humped thorax
mottled wings
long antenna erect forward
short mouthparts
107
developement of biting midges
holometamorphosis
4 larval instars
108
eggs of biting midges
slender
laid in batches in moist places
109
are biting midges vectors
leucocytozoon
haemoproteus spp
blue tongue
schmallenberg
110
clinical signs of biting midges
acute discomfort
irritation
sweet itch on withers and base of tail on horses
allergic dermatitis
111
latin for horseflies
tabanidae
112
when are horseflies active
during the day
diurnal
sunny days
113
food source of horse flies
females feed on blood every 3-4days
warm blooded animals
males feed on nectar and pollen
114
what time of day do females feed
in middle of day
115
are horseflies vectors
mechanical and iological vectors
trypanosoma spp
onchocerca
equine infectious anaemia virus
116
morphology of horse flies
large
bean shaped head
colourful eue
short segmented antennae
short mouthparts
males have no mandible
117
tabanus horsefly
largest
antennae shoter than head
clear or brownish wings
118
chrysops horsefly
medium size
antenna at least that long as the head
often dark bands across the wings
119
haematopota horse fly
smaller
antennae longer than the head
head wider than horax
mottled wings
has the longest antenna
120
development of horseflies
holometamorphosis
7-11 larval instars
121
eggs of horse flies
eggs are cigar shaped
laid in batches
122
clinical signs of horse fly
painful - deep bites
blood loss - lacerate vessels
wounds can attract myiasis causing flies
123
latin for tsetse flies
glossinidae
124
where are tsetse flies in the world
only tropical africa
125
what do tsetse flies feed on
both sexes feed on host blood
126
what are the hosts of tsetse flies
birds or mammals
127
3 groups of tsetse flies
fusca
palpalis
morsitans
128
where do fusca tsetse flies live
forest
129
where to palpalis tsetse flies live
riverrine areas
130
where do tsetse flies morsitans live
savannah
131
morphology of tsetse flies
holometamorphosis
larval development inside the egg
132
how is egg in tsetse flies fertilised
from spermathecae within femal
133
what do female tsetse flies give birth to
fully grown
3rd larval stage
134
what does larva of tsetse flies do
burrow into soil and pupates then emerges to surface after 1 month
135
are tsetse flies vectors
both sexes transmit tyrpanosoma brucei
136
clinical signs of tsetse flies
bites are painful
irriataiton
137
latin for forest or louse flies
hippoboscidae
138
house louse fly latin
hippobosca equina
139
house louse fly morphology
1cm with wings
yellow spots
140
deer ked fly
lipoptena cervi
- lose wings after settling on host
141
sheep ked fly
melophagus ovinus
wingless
142
morphology of louse flies
dorsoventrally flattened
legs straddled on the side of the body
resistant to compression
reddish brown
143
development of louse flies
hematophagous and permanent
females lay a fully grown larva
pupation takes place on host or in soil
144
are louse flies vectors
yes
bartonella spp
145
synanthropic
flies associated with man
146
endophilic
flies associated with stables
147
endophilic
live in buildings
148
exophilic
live in pastures
149
strucuture characteristics of muscoid larva
inner cephalopharyngeal skeleton in first segment
posterior resp spiracles on stigma plate
150
antenna in muscoid larva
adults have arista on the third antennal segment
151
life cycle of mucsoid flies
EGG --> 3 larvae --> pupa --> adult
152
where does development of mucsoid flies occur
in decaying plant or animal tissues
153
shape of last pupates in mucsoid flies
puparium is barrell shaped
154
latin for house fly
musca domestica
155
morphology of musca domestica
7-8mm
short lapping mouthparts
156
colour of musca domestica
reddish brown barrel shaped pupa, yellowish abdomen of adults
157
is musca domestica a vector
yes for other 100pathogens
158
how are pathogens transmitted in musca domestica
saliva
faeces
on their body
159
eggs of musca domestica
banana shaped
160
segments of musca domestica
12 segments
161
puparium of musca domestica
first white
then reddish brown
162
generations of musca domestica
10-30 per year
163
latin for lesser house fly
fannia canicularis
164
morphology of fannia canicularis
4-6mm
yellowish spot on the first 2 abdominal segments
165
where do fannia canicularis develop
in garbage
166
larva of fannia canicularis
flattened
bearing lateral processed on most segments
has plumose
167
puparium on fannia canicularis
similar
has plumose lateral processes
168
where are fannia canicularis found
stables
169
vector - fannia canicularis
mechanical
170
stable fly latin
stomoxys calcitrans
171
morphology of stomoxys calcitrans
6-7mm
long projecting forward projecting proboscis
long piercing sucking mouthparts
whitish abdomen with black spots
short antenna
172
where are stomoxys calcitrans found
stable
173
stomoxys calcitrans vector
mechanical
174
what sex of stomoxys calcitrans feed on blood
both - hematophagous
175
where do stomoxys calcitrans develop
decaying organic material
176
how do stomoxys calcitrans attack victims
on lower parts ---> rest on the belly or limbs of animals with the head upwards
177
endophilic flies
house fly
lesser house fly
stable fly
178
exophilic fly
face fly
horn fly
head fly
179
latin for face fly
musca autumnalis
180
where does musca autumnalis develop
in manure or bovines
181
is musca autumnalis a vector
mechanical and biological
182
what do female musca autumnalis feed on
secretions around the eyes, nose, mouth and wounds
183
how do musca autumnalis settle
only temporarly on animals
184
morphology of musca autumnalis
5-7mm resembling house fly but exophilic
185
puparium of musca autumnalis
reamins whitish
barrell shaped
yellowish abdomen of adults
short, licking mouth parts
186
latin for horn fly
haematobia irritans
187
what sex feeds on blood in haematobia irritans
both
188
where do haematobia irritans remain
around horns or on back and sides of cattle in downward pointing positions
189
morphology of haematobia irritans
4mm
shorter proboscis
tiny and dark body
long palps and piercing mouth parts
190
latin for head fly
hydrotaea irritans
191
vector for hydrotaea irritans
pyogenic microbes - udder infection
192
which sex feed on skin secretions in hydrotaea irritans
both
193
larva of hydrotaea irritans
only 2nd larva leaves egg-shell in soil
194
morphology of hydrotaea irritans
tiny adults with brownish wings
rest on head of animals
short sucking mouthparts
