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Small Animal Parasitology > Nematoda > Flashcards

Nematoda Flashcards

1
Q

Dung beetles are intermediate hosts

A

Spirocerca lupi

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2
Q

Become infected not just from eating dung beetles but also paratenic host like reptiles, birds and rodents

A

Spirocerca lupi

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3
Q

Larvae in stomach –> migrate to aorta –> migrate to oesophagus
PPT: 5-6 months

A

Spirocerca lupi

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4
Q

How do you treat Spirocerca lupi infections?

A

Ivermectin or off label doramectin

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5
Q

Common dog parasite –> puppies can die suddenly at 2-3 weeks of age

A

Ancylostoma caninum

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6
Q

Significance of A. caninum to human health

A

Can develop to adults in human intestine and can cause CLM

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7
Q

What differentiates Ancylostoma caninum from other dog hookworms?

A

Buccal capsule with 3 pairs of teeth

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8
Q

What differentiates Ancylostoma braziliense from other dog hookworms?

A

2 pairs of teeth in buccal capsule

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9
Q

What differentiates Uncinaria stenocephala from other dog hookworms?

A

A pair of chitinous plates in buccal capsule

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10
Q

Infection of the host transcutaneously, with L3 from environment, with L3 from milk and with L3 from paratenic hosts is indicative of which parasite?

A

Ancylostoma caninum (hookworm)

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11
Q

Infections with hookworms will occur when?

A

In dogs of all ages but clinical signs usually only seen in animals younger than 6-12 months (unweaned)

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12
Q

Explain how puppies are infected by the transmammary route in A. caninum infections.

A

Hypobiotic larvae are present in the mother’s tissues (she acts as a reservoir) and awaken from their arrested development when she initiates parturition.

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13
Q

The pathogenesis of a hookworm infection depends on?

A

Species of parasite (A. caninum most pathogenic)
Number of parasites
Immunocompetence/age
Iron reserves, nutritional status, stress etc.

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14
Q

Anaemia, bloody faeces and sudden death in puppies 2-3 weeks of age are clinical signs associated with what parasite?

A

Ancylostoma caninum

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15
Q

What anthelmintics are effective against adult A. caninum?

A

Pyrantel, Fen-me-flubendazole, Febantel, Nitroscanate, MLs and Emodepside

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16
Q

Name the most common hookworm of cats.

A

Ancylostoma tubaeforme (3 pairs of teeth)

17
Q

What are the ascarids of dogs and cats?

A

Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, Toxascaris leonina

18
Q

What is the significance for human health regarding T. canis?

A

Can cause VLM and OLM

19
Q

Morphology and location of T. canis?

A

Three well defined lips and cervical alae

Small intestine

20
Q

Infection from embrionated eggs in the environment, ingestion of paratenic hosts and tissues from the mother, are indicative of what parasite?

A

Toxocara canis

21
Q

Anorexia, emaciation, abdominal distention, diarrhoea, vomiting, rough hair coat, ill thrift and neurological signs are all clinical signs associated with this parasite.

A

Toxocara canis

22
Q

What drugs would you use to treat intestinal stages of Toxocara canis?

A

Piperazine, pyrantel, fen-me-flubendazole, febantel, MLs, nitroscanate and emodepside

23
Q

Which ascarid has cervical alae that are broad and end abruptly?

A

Toxocara cati

24
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis and felis are located where and how is the host infected?

A

Small intestine

Ingestion of L3, L3 via the skin, autoinfection or L3 via the milk

25
Q

Trichuris vulpis is the whipworm commonly found in dogs. What is the whipworm called commonly found in cats?

A

Trichuris tampanula

26
Q

How does the host get infected with T. vulpis?

A

Ingestion of embrionated eggs (PPT 70-100 days)

27
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with an infection of T. vulpis

A

Diarrhoea with blood and mucous, tenesmus, weakness, weight loss, anaemia etc.

28
Q

How would you treat an infection with Trichuris vulpis?

A

Fen-me-flubendazole
Febantel
Oxantel

29
Q

What are the advised repeat treatments for Trichuris vulpis?

A

Repeat at 4 weeks intervals for 3 months

30
Q

Locates in the wall of the oesophagus (adults) and the stomach and dorsal aorta (immature stages)

A

Spirocerca lupi

Small Animal Parasitology (5 decks)

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