Need to Know Numbers for Nutrition Flashcards
Macronutrient
Recommendations
National Reserach Counsil recommendations (AMDR)
Percentage of total calories from macronutrients:
Fat: 20-35%
Carbohydrate: 45-65%
Protein: 10-35%
Energy Units
1 Cal = 1 kcal = 4.2 kJ
BMR
Estimates
Rough estimate for BMR: 1 kcal/hr/kg
Another version often used in hospitals:
25 kcal/kg/24 hrs
Prenancy
Folate Supplementation
Folate supplementation recommended for all females who might get pregnant:
400 mcg/day
Respiratory Quotinents
RQ values for burning
100% fat: 0.7
100% carbohydrates: 1.0
Significance of RQ > 1: excessive calories, fat synthesis
Significance of RQ
Macronutrient
Calorie Content
kcal/g for
Fat: 9
CHO: 4
protein: 4
ethanol: 7
Weight Loss
Energy deficit of 3,500 kcal/lb of body weight needed for weight loss
PARs
Approximate PARs for
light exercise: 1-2
moderate exercise: 2-4
heavy exercise: 4-15
Thermic Effect
Thermic effect as % of calories ingested:
10%
Injury Factors
Approximate injury factors for
trauma: 1.4
sepsis: 1.6
burns: 2.1
Fiber RDA
20-35 g/day
Cholesterol RDA
Recommended dietary cholesterol intake < 300 mg/day
Fat Recommendations
50% of total fat as MUFA
< 7% of total calories as saturated fats
If possible, no more than 8-10% of total calories
Sodium Recommendations
Dietary sodium intake: < 2,300 mg/day
Protein Recommendations
Protein for healthy adults: 0.8 g/kg/d
Effect of illness on protein requirements.
e.g. up to 2 g/kg/d for burn patients