NEED TO KNOW BIOLOGY!!!! EMERGENCY Flashcards
Function of protein?
Growth and repair, enzymes.
Function of carbohydrates?
Energy sources
What is the small tube off the large intestine?
The appendix
STUDY THE DIAGRAM OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM!
Check in green book
What is meant by digestion?
Breaks down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed across the wall of the gut into the blood
Describe mechanical digestion:
This involves grinding and churning the food
Describe chemical digestion:
This involves the use of enzymes and other fluids such as bile to break down the food.
MEMORIES THE DIAGRAM OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
CHECK IN GREEN BOOK
Draw a diagram of an alveolus and explain how the exchange of gases takes place:
CHECK IN GREEN BOOK
Explain aerobic respiration:
Requires oxygen and produces high levels of energy
Explain anaerobic respiration:
Does not require oxygen and does not produce much energy.
What is meant by oxygen debt?
Oxygen debt is the amount of oxygen needed to get rid of lactic acid.
MEMORIES THE DIAGRAM OF THE HEART!!
CHECK IN GREEN BOOK
What causes blood to flow around the body and back to the heart?
The pumping of the heart causes blood to flow through the circulatory system- pulmonary and systemic circuit.
Outline the function of the red blood cell:
Contains haemoglobin, which carries oxygen (oxyhaemoglobin) and carbon dioxide)
White blood cells?
Participate in immune and defence - related functions
Platelets?
fragements of cells that are responsible for blood clotting
Arterioles?
carry blood toward capillaries, regulate blood flow
Venules?
Carry blood away from capillaries, participate in some exchange of materials.
Plasma?
A liquid which contains water, hormones, proteins, minerals and wastes.
How is blood pressure caused?
Is caused by the ventricles contracting
Describe the term enzyme?
A chemical which will speed up or slow down a chemical reaction without partaking in this chemical reaction.
MEMORIES CAPILLARY BED
GREEN BOOK
Shivering?
If vasoconstriction is inadequate, the brain activates shivering. Each muscle tremor in shivering releases heat energy and helps warm the body up.
Outline the role of antidiuretic hormone in regulating water balance.
If you have not drunk enough water, the pituitary gland releases ADH to make the kidneys reabsorb more water into the blood. If you have too much water in your blood, the release of ADH is clowed or even stopped.
How is your breathing rate controlled?
Your breathing rate is controlled by inhalation and exhalation. Gas exchange across respiratory surfaces uses mechanisms which ensure that the respiratory surface receives a sufficient flow of air.
