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Nursing > Need to Know > Flashcards

Need to Know Flashcards

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1
Q

Sodium

A

136 - 145 mEq/L

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2
Q

Potassium

A

3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L

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3
Q

Calcium

A

9.0 - 10.5 mg/dL

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4
Q

Magnesium

A

1.3 - 2.1 mg/dL

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5
Q

Phosphorus

A

3.0 – 4.5 mg/dL

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6
Q

BUN

A

10 - 20 mg/dL

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7
Q

Creatinine

A

0.6 – 1.2 mg/dL males

0.5 – 1.1 mg/dL females

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8
Q

Glucose

A

70 - 110 mg/dL

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9
Q

HgbA1c

A

<6.5%

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10
Q

WBC

A

5,000 - 10,000/mm

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11
Q

RBC

A

Men 4.7 - 6.1 million/mm

Women 4.2 - 5.4 million/mm

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12
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Men 14 - 18 g/100 mL

Women 12 - 16 g/100 mL

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13
Q

Hematocrit

A

Men 42 - 52%

Women 37 - 47%

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14
Q

Platelet

A

150,000 - 400,000/mm

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15
Q

pH

A

7.35 - 7.45

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16
Q

pC02

A

35 - 45 mm Hg

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17
Q

p02

A

80 - 100 mmHg

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18
Q

HCO3 (Bicarbonate)

A

21 - 26mmol/L

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19
Q

Normal PT

A

11 - 12.5 sec

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20
Q

Normal INR

A

0.7-1.8 (Therapeutic INR 2-3)

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21
Q

Normal PTT

A

30 - 40 sec (Therapeutic PTT 1.5 – 2 x normal or control values)

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22
Q

Digoxin: normal range, indications, action

A

0.5 - 2.0 ng/mL

Treat supraventricular tachycardia

Decrease conduction of electrical impulses

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23
Q

Lithium

A

0.8 - 1.4 mEq/L

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24
Q

Dilantin

A

10 - 20 mcg/mL

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25
Q

Theophylline

A

10 - 20 mcg/mL

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26
Q

Cholesterol

A

less than 200 mg/dl

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27
Q

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

A

0 - 20 mm/h

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28
Q

Albumin

A

3.5 - 5 g/dl

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29
Q

Chloride

A

95 - 105 mmol/L

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30
Q

AST

A

less than 40 IU/L

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31
Q

ALT

A

less than 60 IU/L

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32
Q

Urine Output

A

800 - 2000 ml/day

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33
Q

Urine Specific Gravity

A

1.010 - 1.025

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34
Q

Urine pH

A

4.5 - 8

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35
Q

Blood Alcohol Level

A

Legal Intoxication Level: 0.10%

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36
Q

Phencyclidine piperidine complications and treatment

A

Overdose: seizures and hyperthermia

Activated charcoal via NG tube

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37
Q

Gentamicin complications

A

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

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38
Q

1

A

1

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39
Q

Interferon alpha therapy: indication, feared side effect

A

Antiviral for cancer, Heb B and C, and autoimmune diseases

Myelosuppression (low RBC, WBC, and platelets)

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40
Q

DKA treatments

A

IV potassium
Regular insulin
0.9% or 0.45% NS
Monito BP and potassium every 2 - 4 hours

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41
Q

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) conditions and treatment

A

Acute lung injury and severe hypoxemia (not treated with oxygen therapy)

Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)

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42
Q

UAP scope of practice

A

Assist with ADLS
Collect data (vital signs, weight)
Collect simple specimens
Transport patient
Restock supplies
Housekeeping

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43
Q

Anuric client treatment

A

Dialysis

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44
Q

PKU diet

A

Low protein diet

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45
Q

Resuscitation phase of recovery priorities

A

Airway management
Fluid management
Pain management
Infection prevention
Wound care

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46
Q

Pyridostigmine overdose symptoms

A

Cholinergic crisis: “DUMBBELS”
Diarrhea and diaphoresis
Urination
Miosis
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Emesis and excitability
Lacrimation
Salivation

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47
Q

Cauda equine syndrome symptoms

A

Urinary retention
Saddle anesthesia
Lower extremities weakness

48
Q

Pernicious anemia symptoms

A

Smooth tongue and elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

49
Q

Scarlet fever symptoms

A

Fever
Pharyngitis
Difficulty swallowing
Papular Rash

50
Q

24 hour urine collection procedures

A

Do not collect first urine of the day

Store urine via cooler or refrigerator until is sent to the lab

Collect urine every void

51
Q

Tracheoesophageal fistula assessment findings

A

Constant drooling
Abdominal distention
Periodic choking
Aspiration

52
Q

Hypermagnesemia symptoms

A

Bradycardia
Cardiac arrythmias
Cardiac arrest
Hypocalcemia
Hyporeflexia
Hypotension

53
Q

Calcium gluconate uses indications

A

Hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia

54
Q

Dilation and curettage procedure

A

Removal of tissue inside uterus

55
Q

Aspirin side effect

A

Increase bleeding

56
Q

Meniere’s disease findings

A

Vertigo, nausea, and vomiting

57
Q

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist: indication, effective findings

A

Prostate cancer

Low prostate-specific antigen PSA level

58
Q

1 oz = mL?

A

30mL

59
Q

1 gal = oz?

A

128 oz

60
Q

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor: indications, food to avoid

A

Treat depression

Foods rich in tyramine: banana, cheese, red wine, beer, chocolate, yogurt, processed meat

61
Q

Peritoneal dialysis (home): serious complication

A

Peritonitis

62
Q

Dobutamine: indication

A

Manage low BP

63
Q

Presbycusis meaning

A

Gradual hearing loss due to aging

64
Q

NSAID: contraindications

A

liver disease

65
Q

Verapamil: Class, action

A

Calcium channel blocker

Decrease smooth muscle contractility

66
Q

Heparin antidote

A

Protamine sulfate

67
Q

Warfarin antidote

A

Vitamin K

68
Q

APGAR score

A

7 - 10 normal

4 - 6 require medical intervention

0 - 3 require resuscitation

69
Q

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: symptoms

A

Pruritus of the body mostly on the palms and soles

70
Q

Turner syndrome: findings

A

No toenails

Female lack one X chromosome

71
Q

Trisomy 18: findings

A

Ptosis and webbed fingers

72
Q

Urinary tract infection: findings

A

Urgency and suprapubic tenderness

73
Q

Ciprofloxacin: food to avoid

A

Foods rich in calcium

74
Q

Erikson’s Developmental Stage: Toddler 1 - 3 years old

A

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

75
Q

Celiac disease diet

A

Gluten free: avoid wheat, barley, rye, and oats

76
Q

1 cup = mL?

A

240 mL

77
Q

Hyperkalemia EKG reading

A

Peaked T waves
Widened QRS complexes

78
Q

Osteomalacia (soft bone disease): treatment

A

UV light therapy

79
Q

Sucralfate: indication, administration instruction

A

Gastric ulcers

Administer 2 hours after meal and other medications

80
Q

Moxifloxacin: risk development, monitor for

A

Acute renal injury

Monitor for hyperkalemia

81
Q

Trousseau sign: procedure, indication

A

Inflating BP cuff and monitor for carpal spasm

Used for hypocalcemia and thyroid surgery

82
Q

Raynaud phenomenon prevention

A

Keep hands and feet warm

83
Q

Fibrinolytic therapy with alteplase (tPA): contraindication

A

Hemorrhagic stroke

84
Q

Full thickness burn large body surface teachings discharge

A

Take Vitamin D

Wear pressure garment 24 hour except in shower

85
Q

Corticosteroid: teachings, side effects

A

Take with food each meal

Report weight gain more than 5 lbs. in a single week

Induce psychosis, mania, and other psych symptoms

86
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome characteristics

A

Non-bloody diarrhea, pain relief with defecation

87
Q

Crohn’s and UC characteristics

A

Bloody diarrhea, cramping abdominal pain, and weight loss

88
Q

Koilonychia description

A

Concaved shaped thin nails

89
Q

Hypokalemia: findings

A

U and ST waves depressed, increased bicarbonate, increased PCO2, decreased chloride

90
Q

T3 normal range

A

130 - 450 pg/dL

91
Q

T4 normal range

A

0.9 - 2.3 pg/dL

92
Q

Kawasaki disease: findings

A

strawberry tongue, high fever fluctuation, can develop thrombocytosis and coronary artery aneurism

93
Q

Airborne precautions and diseases

A

PPE N95, negative pressure room, clients wear surgical mask when leaving room

Measles, Varicella, Shingles, Tuberculosis, Rubeola

94
Q

Contact precautions and diseases

A

Gloves and gown

MRSA, C. diff, E. coli, Shingella, Hep A and E

95
Q

Live vaccines

A

MMR, Varicella, Rotavirus, intranasal influenza

96
Q

PPE donning

A

Gown, mask, goggles, gloves

97
Q

PPE doffing

A

Gloves, goggles, gown, mask

98
Q

Type of illness with acid base balance

A

COPD and GBS = respiratory acidosis

Panic attack/severe anxiety = respiratory alkalosis

Vomiting = metabolic alkalosis

Diarrhea = metabolic acidosis

99
Q

Client position after cardiac catheter

A

legs straight for 2 - 6 hours

100
Q

Client position after liver biopsy

A

Right side for 2 hours to prevent bleeding

101
Q

Client position during thoracentesis

A

Lean over bed or table

102
Q

Client position with GERD and hiatal hernia

A

Fowler’s

103
Q

Client position with spinal cord injury

A

Use logroll

104
Q

Neutrophils normal range

A

2500 - 6000

105
Q

1 hour newborn vaccine

A

IM Vit K (Phytonadione)

106
Q

Addison’s disease Adrenal crisis findings

A

Abdominal pain, fever, low urine output, tachycardia

107
Q

Pulmonary congestion findings

A

Hypotension, tachycardia, increased pulmonary arterial pressure and central venous pressure, decreased cardiac output

108
Q

Normal serum osmolality

A

270 - 300

109
Q

Hypothyroidism: extreme manifestation, treatment

A

Myxedema coma

Levothyroxine, glucose and fluid replacement

110
Q

DM type 2 HHS: interventions

A

Treat underlying conditions
Fluid replacement
Insulin therapy
Glucose replacement

111
Q

Autonomic dysreflexia: causes, signs, treatment

A

MS, GBS, traumatic head or brain injuries, spinal cord injuries above T6, medication or illicit drug use

Hypertension, bradycardia, profuse diaphoresis, flushing of skin, pale skin

Urinary catheter, 90 degree position, recheck BP every 2 - 5 minutes

112
Q

Demeclocycline: indication, teachings

A

Pneumonia

Do not take with milk or dairy products (decrease absorption)

113
Q

BNP normal range, readings interpretation

A

less than 100 pg/dL

high BNP = heart failure

114
Q

Normal compartment pressure

A

0 - 8

115
Q

Contact precaution PPE

A

Gown and gloves

Nursing (6 decks)

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