neck muscles Flashcards
What are the regions that the SCM splits the neck into?
anterior cervical triangle
lateral cervical region
posterior cervical region
What is torticollis?
spasm of the SCM
head side bent with contralateral rotation
what triangles are included in the anterior cervical region?
- submandibular (digastric) triangle
- Submental triangle
- Carotid triangle
- Muscular (omotracheal) triangle
what vascular structures are found in the carotid triangle?
common carotid artery + internal jugular vein
what type of receptor is the carotid sinus? and what does it do?
baroreceptor: sinus pain = pressure to brain
what type of receptor is the carotid body?
chemoreceptor: chemoreceptor = checking for chemicals in the blood
what regions are included in the lateral cervical triangle?
occipital triangle + omoclavicular (subclavian) triangle
what passes through the lateral triangle and divides it into two?
omohyoid muscle
what are the three parts of the subclavian artery?
medial, posterior, and lateral to the anterior scalene muscle
what level does the internal and external carotid artery split?
C3-C4
What nerves are in the neck?
spinal accessory nerve, supra scapular nerve, phrenic nerve, and brachial plexus
what nerves are in the root of the neck?
recurrent laryngeal nerve, phrenic nerve, vagus nerve (CN X)
what levels make the cervical plexus and what nerve is included?
C1-C5
ansa cervicalis
what levels is the phrenic nerve?
C3, C4, C5
What nerves innervate the skin of the back?
Dorsal rami of the spinal nerves
Why is C1 not included as a dermatome?
it is the only motor nerve and innervates just the four sub occipitals
What can cause a lesion of the spinal accessory nerve?
stab or bullet wound
surgery
tumors
fractures of the jugular foramen
At what level is the hyoid bone?
C3/4 level
which muscles control the OA joint
deep anterior muscles
if there is a CNXI lesion, which muscles are affected and which one can still upwardly rotate?
A) upper trap
lower trap
serratus anterior
B) only the serratus anterior
