Abdomen, Diaphragm, and Pelvic Cavity

Question 1

what are the three main cavities of the trunk?

Answer 1

thoracic
abdominal
pelvic inlet

(TAP!)

Question 2

what thoracic level is the superior angle of the scapula?

Answer 2

T2

Question 3

what thoracic level is the root of the scapula?

Answer 3

T3

Question 4

what thoracic level is the inferior angle of the scapula?

Answer 4

T7

Question 5

Which ribs are TRUE? and what makes them TRUE?

Answer 5

ribs 1-7, independently attach to the sternum

Question 6

which ribs are FALSE? and why are they FALSE?

Answer 6

ribs 8-10, they merge together to attach to the sternum

Question 7

which ribs are FLOATING?

Answer 7

ribs 11-12

Question 8

what part of the rib is touching the vertebral body?

Answer 8

costovertebral joint (CV)

Question 9

what part of the rib articulates with the TP of the vertebrae?

Answer 9

costotransverse joint

Question 10

where does the 7th rib articulate with the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 10

articulates with T6 and T7

Question 11

what kind of joint is the first rib attachment to the sternum?

Answer 11

fibrocartilaginous

Question 12

what kind of joints are the rest of the sternocostal joints of the upper seven ribs beside the first one?

Answer 12

synovial

Question 13

what is the name of the joints that fuse the sternum to the upper 7 ribs?

Answer 13

sternocostal joint

Question 14

what are the main characteristics of a typical thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 14

1. demifacets for the ribs
2. vertebral foramen is narrowest in thoracic region
3. facets of the articular process is facing forward (stop sign with hands!)

Question 15

what runs through the intervertebral foramen?

Answer 15

spinal nerve

Question 16

What is the proximal attachments of the serratus posterior superior?

Answer 16

SP C7-T3

Question 17

what is the main action of the serratus posterior superior?

Answer 17

elevates ribs with inhalation

Question 18

what is the proximal attachments of the serratus posterior inferior?

Answer 18

T12-L3

Question 19

what is the main action of the serratus posterior inferior?

Answer 19

depress ribs with exhalation

Question 20

which arteries are not segmental?

Answer 20

internal thoracic arteries (off subclavian)

Question 21

what artery travels in the subcostal groove?

Answer 21

intercostal artery

Question 22

what dermatome innervates the axilla?

Answer 22

T2

Question 23

what dermatome innervates the nipple?

Answer 23

T4

Question 24

what dermatome innervates the xiphoid process?

Answer 24

T6

Question 25

what dermatome innervates the umbilicus?

Answer 25

T10

Question 26

what structures pass through the diaphragm?

Answer 26

Inferior vena cava T8
Esophagus and vagus T10
Aorta and thoracic duct T12

Question 27

at what level does the aorta bifurcate?

Answer 27

L3-L4

Question 28

what are some effects of diaphragmatic motion?

Answer 28

enhances venous return from the LE
controls intra-abdominal pressures
parasympathetic relaxation

Question 29

what are examples of intra-abdominal pressures?

Answer 29

spinal stabilization
coughing
valsalva maneuver
child birthing

Question 30

what are the three bones of the pelvis?

Answer 30

pubis, ischium, and ilium

Question 31

what spinal level do epidurals happen?

Answer 31

L3-L4

Question 32

what levels is the hyoid bone?

Answer 32

C3-C4

Question 33

what levels is the bifurcation of the carotid artery

Answer 33

C3-C4

Question 34

what level is the superior angle of the scapula?

Answer 34

T2

Question 35

spina bifida occulta occurs at?

Answer 35

L5-S1