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Human Anatomy II -- Unit 3 -- Zach H. > Neck II: Larynx and Alimentary Structures > Flashcards

Neck II: Larynx and Alimentary Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What pharyngeal (branchial) arch are all of the skeletal structures of the deep neck derived from?

A

fourth and sixth

  • thyroid cartilage
  • cricoid cartilage
  • arytenoid cartilage
  • corniculate cartilage
  • cuneiform cartilage
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2
Q

Is the vocal fold on the inferior or superior side of the ventricle (opening) of the larynx?

A

inferior side

vestibular fold on the superior side of ventricle

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3
Q

Which ligaments make up the conus elasticus of the larynx?

A
  • vocal ligament

- lateral cricothyroid ligament

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4
Q

The separates the zones of penetrating trauma, zones III and II?

A

Line through the Angle of Mandible.

zone III is most superior

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5
Q

What is the rima glottidis?

A

The opening between the true vocal cords and arytenoid cartilages.

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6
Q

What structures make up the arytenoid carilage?

A
  • vocal process
  • apex
  • muscular process
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7
Q

What are the muscles of the larynx?

A
  • Cricothyroid
  • Thyro-arytenoid
  • Posterior crico-arytenoid
  • Lateral crico-arytenoid
  • Transverse and oblique arytenoids
  • Vocalis
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8
Q

What are the actions of the cribothyroid muscle, a muscle of the larynx?

A

Stretch and Tense vocal ligament

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9
Q

What is the action of the thyro-arytenoid muscle, a muscle of the larynx?

A

Relaxes vocal ligmanet (medial part is vocalis m.).

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10
Q

What is the action of the posterior crico-arytenoid muscle, a muscle of the larynx?

A

Abducts vocal ligment (opens rima glottidis).

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11
Q

What is the action of the lateral crico-arytenoid muscle, a muscle of the larynx?

A

Adducts vocal folds (closes rima glottidis).

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12
Q

What is the action of the transverse and oblique arytenoid muscles, muscles of the larynx?

A

Adduct arytenoid cartilages (closes rima glottidis).

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13
Q

What are the actions of the vocalis muscle, a muscle of the larynx?

A

Relaxes posterior vocal ligament while maintaining tension of the anterior part.

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14
Q

Which muscle of the larynx is responsible for opening the rima glottidis?

A

Posterior Crico-Arytenoid Muscle

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15
Q

Which muscles of the larynx work together to close the rima glottidis?

A
  • Lateral Crico-Arytenoid Muscle

- Transverse and Oblique Arytenoid Muscles

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16
Q

Which muscle of the larynx acts to stretch and tense the vocal ligament?

A

Cricothyroid Muscle

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17
Q

Which muscle of the larynx acts to relax the vocal ligament?

A

Thyro-arytenoid

the medial part is the vocalis m.)

18
Q

Which muscle of the larynx acts to abduct the vocal ligament?

A

Posterior Crico-arytenoid Muscle

opens rima glottidis

19
Q

Which muscle of the larynx acts to adduct the vocal folds?

A

Lateral Crico-arytenoid Muscle

closes rima glottidis

20
Q

Which muscle of the larynx acts to adduct the arytenoid cartilages?

A

Transverse and Oblique arytenoid Muscles

closes rima glottidis

21
Q

Which muscle of the larynx acts to relax the posterior vocal ligament while maintaining tension on the anterior part?

A

Vocalis Muscle

22
Q

What is the superior laryngeal nerve a branch from?

A

Vagus Nerve (CN X)

23
Q

What are the two branches from the superior laryngeal nerve that supply motor and sensory innervation to the deep neck?

A
  • Internal Branch (internal laryngeal n.)

- External Branch (external laryngeal n.)

24
Q

What does the external laryngeal nerve, a branch from the superior laryngeal nerve, provide motor innervation to?

A

Motor to Cricothyroid muscle.

25
Q

Where does the internal laryngeal nerve, a branch from the superior laryngeal nerve, provide sensory innervation to?

A

Sensory to:

  • glottis
  • laryngeal vestibule
  • vocal folds
26
Q

What is the recurrent laryngeal nerve a branch from?

A

Vagus Nerve (CN X)

27
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve provide motor innervation to?

A

Motor to all laryngeal muscles, except the cricothyroid muscle.

28
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve provide sensory innervation to?

A

Sensory to subglottis.

29
Q

What nerve provides motor innervation to the cricothyroid muscle, a muscle of the larynx?

A

External Laryngeal Nerve

which is a branch off of the superior laryngeal nerve

30
Q

What nerve provides sensory innervation to the subglottis?

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

31
Q

What nerve provides sensory innervation to the glottis, laryngeal vestibule, and vocal folds?

A

internal laryngeal nerve

which is a branch off of the superior laryngeal nerve

32
Q

What nerve provides motor innervation too all laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle, which is innervated by the external laryngeal nerve?

A

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

33
Q

What is the portion of the pharynx superior of the uvula called?

A

nasopharynx

34
Q

What is the portion of the pharynx from the bottom of the uvula to the superior portion of the epiglottis called?

A

oropharynx

35
Q

What is the portion of the pharynx from the epiglottis to the beginning of the esophagus called?

A

laryngopharynx

36
Q

Which two arteries provide arterial supply to the palatine tonsils?

A
  • tonsillar branch of ascending palatine artery

- tonsillar branch of facial artery

37
Q

List the pharyngeal constrictors and associated pharyngeal muscles.

A
  • Superior constrictor
  • Middle constrictor
  • Inferior constrictor
  • Stylopharyngeus
38
Q

How many stages are there in the process of swallowing?

A

3 Stages

39
Q

What is stage 1 of swallowing?

A
  • Voluntary
  • The bolus is compressed against the palate and pushed from the mouth into the oropharynx, mainly by movements of the muscles of the tongue and soft palate.
40
Q

What is stage 2 of swallowing?

A
  • Involuntary and Rapid
  • The soft palate is elevated, sealing off the nasopharynx from the oropharynx and laryngopharynx.
  • The pharynx widens and shortens to receive the bolus of food as the suprahyoid muscles and longitudinal pharyngeal muscles contract, elevating the larynx.
41
Q

What is stage 3 of swallowing?

A
  • Involuntary; Sequential Contraction

- Of all three pharyngeal constrictor muscles forces the food bolus inferiorly into esophagus.

42
Q

Make sure to look at all of the images.

A

Label and understand relationships!!

Keep working hard guys, we are almost there!!

Human Anatomy II -- Unit 3 -- Zach H. (5 decks)

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