Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy II -- Unit 3 -- Zach H. > Neck 1: Superficial Structures of the Prevertebral and Lateral Cervical Regions > Flashcards

Neck 1: Superficial Structures of the Prevertebral and Lateral Cervical Regions Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerve is derived from the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A

Trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What muscles are derived from the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A
  • muscles of mastication
  • mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric
  • tensor tympanic
  • tensor veli palatini
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What skeletal structures are derived from the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A
  • malleus

- incus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What ligaments are derived from the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A
  • anterior ligament of malleus

- sphenomandibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What nerve is derived from the second pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A

Facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What muscles are derived from the second pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A
  • muscles of facial expression
  • stepdius
  • stylohyoid
  • posterior belly of digastric
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What skeletal structures are derived from the second pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A
  • stapes
  • styloid process
  • lesser cornu of hyoid
  • upper part of body of hyoid bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What ligaments are derived from the second pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A

stylohyoid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What nerve is derived from the third pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What muscle is derived from the third pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A

stylopahryngeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What skeletal structures are derived from the third pharyngeal (branchial) arch?

A
  • greater cornu of hyoid

- lower part of body of hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What nerves are derived from the fourth and sixth pharyngeal (branchial) arches?

A
  • superior laryngeal branch of vagus (CN X)

- recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus (CN X)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What muscles are derived from the fourth and sixth pharyngeal (branchial) arches?

A
  • cricothyroid
  • levator veli palatini
  • constrictors of pharynx
  • intrinsic muscles of larynx
  • striated muscles of esophagus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What skeletal structures are derived from the fourth and sixth pharyngeal (branchial) arches?

A
  • thyroid cartilage
  • cricoid cartilage
  • arytenoid cartilage
  • corniculate cartilage
  • cuneiform cartilage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 4 main regions of the superficial neck?

A
  • Sternocleidomastoid
  • Posterior cervical region
  • Lateral cervical/Posterior triangle
  • Anterior cervical/Anterior triangle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What makes up all of the boundaries of the superficial neck?

A

muscles and the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the platysma muscle innervated by?

A

Cervical branch off of the Facial nerve (CN VII).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the sternocleidomastoid muscle innervated by?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the functions of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A
  • lateral flexion with rotation
  • extension at atlanto-occipital joints
  • flexion of cervical vertebrae (person is supine)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the two primary types of Toticollis?

A

(1) Fibromatosis colli - (fibrous tissue accumulates in the muscle; most common in neonates).
(2) Muscular toticollis - (“Wry neck”; can be congenital - infants; birth trauma - infants; muscular or nerve injury).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 5 compartments of the neck?

A
  • superficial fascia
  • investing layer
  • pretracheal layer
  • prevertebral layer
  • alar fascia and carotid sheath
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Between what layers of the superficial neck does the hyoid muscles sit between?

A

Pre-tracheal layer and Investing layer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What gland and structures are found within the pretracheal layer?

A
  • esophagus
  • trachea
  • thyroid gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What muscle of the superficial neck is surrounded by the investing layer?

A

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) m.

trapezius is also surrounded by the investing layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What structures are found in the alar fascia and carotid sheath of the superficial neck?

A
  • common carotid layer
  • vagus nerve
  • internal jugular vein
  • lymph
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Between which two fasical layers of the neck is the retropharyngeal space located?

A
  • prevertebral layer (posterior)

- alar fascia (anterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Other than the trapezius muscle, which is encased in the investing layer, what fascial layer surrounds the deep, posterior neck muscles?

A

prevertebral layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Make sure to label the superficial veins of the neck.

A

slide 24 in the lecture notes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

In a superficial dissection of the neck, what nerves and muscles are found deep to the investing fascia?

A
  • Accessory n. (CN XI)
  • Dorsal Scapular n.
  • Nerve to Levator Scapulae
  • Roots of Brachial Plexus
  • Phrenic n.
  • Scalene muscles
  • Splenius capitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What nerve is always found sitting on top of the anterior scalene?

A

Phrenic nerve

31
Q

Which cutaneous nerve provides sensation to the skin on the anterior side of the neck?

A

transverse cervical (C2, C3)

32
Q

What is the nerve point of the neck called where a physician would perform a nerve block in the lateral cervical region?

A

Erb’s point

33
Q

Which cervical root provides the superior root of the ansa cervicalis?

A

C1

34
Q

Which cervical roots provide the inferior root of the ansa cervicalis?

A

C2 and C3

35
Q

What is the ansa cervicalis?

A

A loop of nerves from the cervical plexus (C1-C3) that carry somatomotor innervation to most of the infrahyoid (below the hyoid bone) muscles in the neck.

    • C1 does suprahyoid muscles
    • C2, C3 does infrahyoid muscles
36
Q

What cranial nerve is the carotid sinus nerve a branch from?

A

CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

37
Q

Which 3 extrinsic muscles of the hyoid overlay the larynx?

A
  • Sternohyoid
  • Thyrohyoid
  • Omohyoid
38
Q

Of the extrinsic muscles of the larynx, which of considered suprahyoid muscles?

A
  • mylohyoid
  • geniohyoid
  • digastrics
39
Q

Of the extrinsic muscles of the larynx, which are considered infrahyoid muscles?

A
  • sternohyoid
  • omohyoid
  • sternothyroid
  • thyrohyoid
40
Q

What is the action of the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Elevates hyoid and tongue.

41
Q

What is the action of the geniohyoid muscle?

A

Shortens mouth floor.

42
Q

What is the action of the digastrics muscle?

A

Depresses mandible and steadies hyoid.

43
Q

What is the action of the sternohyoid and omohyoid muscles?

A

Depress and steady the hyoid.

44
Q

What is the action of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Depresses hyoid and larynx.

45
Q

What is the action of the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Depresses hyoid and elevates larynx.

46
Q

What is the mylohyoid muscle innervated by?

A

Nerve to mylohyoid from inferior alveolar n. - Trigeminal.

47
Q

What is the geniohyoid muscle innervated by?

A

C1 via the hypoglossal nerve.

48
Q

What is the nerve to the mylohyoid a branch off of?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve (Trigemnial)

49
Q

What is the anterior portion of the digastric muscle innervated by?

A

mandibular division of trigeminal nerve

50
Q

What is the posterior portion of the digastric muscle innervated by?

A

facial nerve

51
Q

What is the sternohyoid, omohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles innervated by?

A

Ansa Cervicalis

52
Q

What is the thyrohyoid muscle innervated by?

A

C1 via the hypoglossal nerve.

53
Q

List the anterior vertebral muscles.

A
  • Longus colli
  • Longus capitis
  • Rectus capitis anterior
  • Anterior scalene
54
Q

What is the action of the longus colli muscle, which is an anterior vertebral muscle?

A

Flex neck, rotate opposite side of neck unilaterally.

55
Q

What is the action of the longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, and the anterior scalene, which are all anterior vertebral muscles?

A

flex the neck

56
Q

List the lateral vertebral muscles.

A
  • Rectus capitis lateralis
  • Splenius capitis
  • Levator scapulae
  • MIddle and Posterior scalenes
57
Q

What is the action of the rectus capitis lateralis, which is a lateral vertebral muscle?

A

Flex and Stabilize Head

58
Q

What are the actions of the splenius capitis, which is a lateral vertebral muscle?

A
  • Laterally flex and rotate head to same side.

- Bilaterally extend head.

59
Q

What are the actions of the levator scapulae, which is a lateral vertebral muscle?

A
  • Elevate scapula

- Tilt glenoid cavity inferiorly

60
Q

What are the actions of the middle and posterior scalene, which are lateral vertebral muscles?

A
  • Flex neck laterally

- Elevate 2nd rib during inspiration

61
Q

What vertebral muscle does the middle cervical ganglion lay on top of?

A

Longus colli

62
Q

What tubercle and vertebral level is the middle cervical ganglion found near in the prevertebral region of the neck?

A

Found near the carotid tubercle, which is at C6.

63
Q

Where does the thoracic duct drain into the venous system?

A

Bifurcation of the left brachiocephalic vein.

left subclavian and left jugular

64
Q

Where does the right lymphatic duct drain into the venous system?

A

Bifurcation of the right brachiocephalic vein.

right subclavian and right jugular

65
Q

In the dissection of the root of the neck, with the sternocleidomastoid reflected, what vessels are found?

A
  • Subclavian Artery

- Thyrocervical Truck - inferior thyroid, cervicodorsal trunk, and the suprascapular artery.

66
Q

What makes up the thyrocervical trunk?

A
  • inferior thyroid a.
  • cervicodorsal trunk
  • suprascapular a.
67
Q

What three ganglion found in the root of the neck and prevertebral region are for autonomic innervation?

A
  • superior cervical ganglion
  • middle cervical ganglion
  • inferior cervical ganglion

sympathetic

68
Q

What part of the thyroid gland connects the right and left lobe of the gland?

A

isthmus

69
Q

From which artery does the superior thyroid artery arise, to supply the superior portion of the thyroid gland?

A

right and left external carotid artery

70
Q

From which artery does the inferior thyroid artery arise, to supply the inferior potion of the thyroid gland?

A

Inferior thyroid artery arises from the thyrocervical trunk, which arises from the right and left subclavian arteries.

71
Q

Where does the thyroid ima artery arise, to supply the isthmus of the thyroid gland?

A

right common carotid artery

this can be variable from patient to patient

72
Q

Which nerve courses posterior to the thyroid gland and anterior to the larynx/trachea?

A

left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves

73
Q

What are the 3 portions of the vertebral artery, which arises from the right and left subclavian arteries?

A
  • suboccipital part (superior)
  • vertebral part
  • cervical part (inferior)

Human Anatomy II -- Unit 3 -- Zach H. (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions