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202 Anatomy > Neck and Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Neck and Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

oral cavity

A

inferior to nasal cavities
continuous with nasal cavities superiorly and pharynx inferiorly
divided into outer oral vestibule (lip and cheeks) and inner oral vestibule (enclosed by teeth)

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2
Q

oral cavity roof

A

include hard and soft palate
muscle of soft palate create arches of the oral cavity
- palatoglossal arch
- palatopharyngeal arch - uvula

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3
Q

oral cavity floor

A

formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and tongue

contains submandibular and sublingual glands

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4
Q

tongue

A

divided into anterior 2/3 and posterior (1/3)
papillae cover tongue
undersurface contains medial fold: frenulum

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5
Q

terminal sulcus

A

v-shaped sulcus demarking separation of oral and pharyngeal tongue

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6
Q

oral tongue

A

anterior 2/3 tongue

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7
Q

pharyngeal tongue

A

posterior 1/3 tongue

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8
Q

papillae

A

cover tongue

all (except filiform) have taste buds on their surface

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9
Q

muscles of the tongue

A

paired (left/right)

divided into intrinsic and extrinsic

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10
Q

intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

longitudinal, transverse and vertical

create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing

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11
Q

extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

genioglossus - depresses and protrudes tongue
hyoglossus - depresses tongue
styloglossus - retracts tongue
palatoglossus - elevates tongue and depresses soft palate

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12
Q

tongue blood supply

A

lingual arteries and veins

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13
Q

anterior 2/3 tongue innervation

A

taste: special afferent
facial via chorda tympani
sensation: general sensation
lingual nerve (V3)

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14
Q

posterior 1/3 tongue innervation

A

taste: special afferent
glossopharyngeal
sensation: glossopharyngeal

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15
Q

motor innervation to whole tongue

A

hypoglossal nerve

EXCEPT - palatoglossus (CN X)

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16
Q

CN IX

A

glosspharyngeal
sensory (somatic) - posterior 1/3 tongue, oropharynx
special sensory (taste) - posterior 1/3 tongue
motor - stylopharyngeus
visceral - parotid gland to stimulate secretion
exit = jugular foramen

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17
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal
motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
exit = hypoglossal canal

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18
Q

larynx

A

provides protective sphincter for air passages
produces phonation
made up of cartilages contains ligaments

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19
Q

larynx cartilages

A

thyroid, cricoid, cuneiform, corniculate, epiglottis

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20
Q

larynx ligaments

A

most important = vestibular and vocal

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21
Q

larynx nerve supply

A

sensory and motor from vagus

via superior laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal branches

22
Q

larynx blood supply

A

upper half - superior thyroid artery

lower half - inferior thyroid artery

23
Q

pharynx

A

most posterior part of neck

funnel shaped tube with 3 sections

24
Q

pharynx sections

A

nasopharynx
laryngopharynx
oropharynx

25
pharynx muscles
3 constrictors: superior, middle and inferior
26
pharynx nerve supply
motor via vagus (except stylopharyngeus) | sensory via V2, CN IX, CN X
27
CN X
vagus sensory, taste, visceral sensory, motor, visceral motor rootlets from medulla through jugular foramen continues in carotid sheath, branches into head and thorax
28
CN X innervations
sensory: larynx, dura mater taste: epiglottis, pharynx visceral sensory: aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut, foregut motor: palatoglossus, muscles of pharynx and larynx visceral motor: part of parasympathtic to smooth muscle in glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera, foregut and midgut
29
the neck
transition area between base of cranium and thoracic cage supported posteriorly by 7 cervical vertebrae contains mobile hyoid bone
30
deep fascia layers
pretrachal fascia prevertebral fascia investing fascia
31
fascia function
reduces spread of infection | enables structures to move past each other in movement and swallowing
32
carotid sheath
blends with pretracheal and prevertebral fascia
33
carotid sheath contents
``` common and internal carotid arteries internal jugular vein vagus nerve some deep cervical lymph nodes carotid sinus nerve ```
34
neck surface anatomy
divided into anterior and posterior compartment/triangle | divided by sternocleidomastoid muscle
35
anterior compartment
3 paired triangles: submandibular, carotid and muscular | 1 unpaired triangle: submental
36
posterior compartment
bounded posteriorly by trapezius muscle divided into 2 triangles by posterior belly of omohyoid triangle = large occipital and omoclavicular triangles
37
submandibular triangle
bounded by anterior and posterior bellies of digastric muscle contains: submandibular gland, facial artery and vein
38
submental triangle
bounded by digastric muscle | contains: lymph nodes
39
muscular triangle
bounded by omohyoid and sternocleidomastoid | contains: supra and infra hyoid muscles
40
carotid triangle
bounded by omohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric and sternocleidomastoid muscles contains: common carotid artery, IJV, CN X, XII
41
muscles of muscular triangle
suprahyoid: stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid infrahyoid: omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid
42
suprahyoid muscles innervation
stylohyoid - facial neve digastric - facial nerve (posterior belly) mylohyoid - CN V geniohyoid - CNXII
43
infrahyoid muscles innervation
all innervated by C1-C3 of ansa cervicalis
44
contents of posterior triange
``` subclavian artery external jugular vein brachial plexus CN XI cervical plexus ```
45
occipital triangle
bounded by sternoleidomastoid, trpaezius and omohyoid
46
supraclavicular triangle
bounded by clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid, clavicle and omohyoid
47
vessels travelling in the neck
brachiocephalic - common carotid: divides into internal and external subclavian arteries - inferior thyroid
48
external carotid branches
``` superior thyroid ascending pharyngeal lingual facial maxillary superficial temporal ```
49
neck venous drainage
IJV drains brain, face, cervical viscera and neck muscles external jugular vein anterior jugular vein
50
CN XI
accessory motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius exit = jugular foramen
51
CN VIII
vestibulocochlear sensory, special somatic afferent for hearing, equilibrium and motion divides into vestibular and cochlear nerves exit = internal acoustic meatus

202 Anatomy (4 decks)

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