Face, Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa

Question 1

face

Answer 1

anterior aspect of head
important role in interaction with environment
shape formed by underlying bones

Question 2

muscles of the face

Answer 2

muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth an for conveying mood 
occiptofrontalis 
obicularis oris
obicularis oculi 
zygomaticus major 
paltysma 
buccinator

Question 3

occipitofrontalis

Answer 3

elevates eyebrow

Question 4

obicularis oris

Answer 4

closes mouth

Question 5

obcularis oculi

Answer 5

closes eyelids

Question 6

zygomaticus major

Answer 6

elevates labial commissure (corners of mouth)

Question 7

paltysma

Answer 7

depresses mandible against resistance

tenses fascia of neck

Question 8

buccinator

Answer 8

compresses cheek

Question 9

facial muscles innervation

Answer 9

cutaneous innervation by trigeminal nerve

all muscles of facial expression supplied by facial nerve

Question 10

CN VII

Answer 10

facial nerve
sensory, taste, general motor, visceral motor
exit = internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen

Question 11

CN VII branches

Answer 11

motor - posterior auricular, temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical
parasympathetic - to ptrygopalatine ganglion
taste - via chorda tympani via lingual nerve - anterior 2/3 tongue
general sensory - skin over external auditory meatus

Question 12

parotid gland

Answer 12

largest salivary gland
superficial to muscles
duct leaves at anterior edge
retromandibular vein, external carotid artery and facial nerve run through it

Question 13

parotid duct

Answer 13

leaves anterior edge of parotid gland and passes to corner of mouth, then turns deep through buccinator
opens into oral cavity at upper second molar tooth

Question 14

muscles of mastication

Answer 14

temporalis - elevation, retraction
masseter - elevation
medial ptergoid - elevation, side to side
lateral pterygoid - protrusion and depression
supplied by motor branch of V3

Question 15

CN V

Answer 15

trigeminal
somatic (general sensory) and somatic motor to derivative of 1st pharyngeal arch
3 divisions: opthalmic, maxillay, mandibular

Question 16

CN V1

Answer 16

opthalmic
sensory fibres to skin, mucous, membranes, conjunctiva, front of head and nose
branches: lacrimal, nasocilliary and frontal
exit = superior orbital fissure

Question 17

CN V2

Answer 17

maxillary
sensory fibres to dura, nasal, upper cheek, lip and teeth
enters through pterygopalatine fossa- gives off branches to pterygopalatine ganglion through inferior orbital fissure
branches: infraorbital, zygomaticofacial, zygomaticotemporal
exit = foramen rotundum

Question 18

CN V3

Answer 18

mandibular 
mixed: sensory to lower face, lip and teeth 
motor to muscle of mastication 
\+ parasympathetic to salivary glands 
exit = foramen ovale

Question 19

V3 sensory branches

Answer 19

auriculotemporal 
buccal
mental 
lingual 
inferior alveolar

Question 20

V3 motor branches

Answer 20

temporalis
masseter
medial and lateral pterygoids
nerve to mylohyoid

Question 21

temporal fossa

Answer 21

fan shaped
located on lateral surface of skull
contains temporalis muscle and branches of V2

Question 22

infratemporal fossa

Answer 22

inferior to temporal fossa
contains:
medial and lateral pterygoids, maxillary artery, V3, branches of facial nerve, pterygoid plexus of veins

Question 23

arterial supply to the face

Answer 23

external carotid artery 
key branches:
- lingual
- facial 
- maxillary
- superficial temporal

Question 24

venous drainage of the face

Answer 24

facial vein drains majority, starting near the eye
vein passes inferiorly and drains into interior jugular vein
superficial temporal vein drains into external jugular artery