Face, Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa Flashcards
face
anterior aspect of head
important role in interaction with environment
shape formed by underlying bones
muscles of the face
muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth an for conveying mood occiptofrontalis obicularis oris obicularis oculi zygomaticus major paltysma buccinator
occipitofrontalis
elevates eyebrow
obicularis oris
closes mouth
obcularis oculi
closes eyelids
zygomaticus major
elevates labial commissure (corners of mouth)
paltysma
depresses mandible against resistance
tenses fascia of neck
buccinator
compresses cheek
facial muscles innervation
cutaneous innervation by trigeminal nerve
all muscles of facial expression supplied by facial nerve
CN VII
facial nerve
sensory, taste, general motor, visceral motor
exit = internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen
CN VII branches
motor - posterior auricular, temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical
parasympathetic - to ptrygopalatine ganglion
taste - via chorda tympani via lingual nerve - anterior 2/3 tongue
general sensory - skin over external auditory meatus
parotid gland
largest salivary gland
superficial to muscles
duct leaves at anterior edge
retromandibular vein, external carotid artery and facial nerve run through it
parotid duct
leaves anterior edge of parotid gland and passes to corner of mouth, then turns deep through buccinator
opens into oral cavity at upper second molar tooth
muscles of mastication
temporalis - elevation, retraction
masseter - elevation
medial ptergoid - elevation, side to side
lateral pterygoid - protrusion and depression
supplied by motor branch of V3
CN V
trigeminal
somatic (general sensory) and somatic motor to derivative of 1st pharyngeal arch
3 divisions: opthalmic, maxillay, mandibular
CN V1
opthalmic
sensory fibres to skin, mucous, membranes, conjunctiva, front of head and nose
branches: lacrimal, nasocilliary and frontal
exit = superior orbital fissure
CN V2
maxillary
sensory fibres to dura, nasal, upper cheek, lip and teeth
enters through pterygopalatine fossa- gives off branches to pterygopalatine ganglion through inferior orbital fissure
branches: infraorbital, zygomaticofacial, zygomaticotemporal
exit = foramen rotundum
CN V3
mandibular mixed: sensory to lower face, lip and teeth motor to muscle of mastication \+ parasympathetic to salivary glands exit = foramen ovale
V3 sensory branches
auriculotemporal buccal mental lingual inferior alveolar
V3 motor branches
temporalis
masseter
medial and lateral pterygoids
nerve to mylohyoid
temporal fossa
fan shaped
located on lateral surface of skull
contains temporalis muscle and branches of V2
infratemporal fossa
inferior to temporal fossa
contains:
medial and lateral pterygoids, maxillary artery, V3, branches of facial nerve, pterygoid plexus of veins
arterial supply to the face
external carotid artery key branches: - lingual - facial - maxillary - superficial temporal
venous drainage of the face
facial vein drains majority, starting near the eye
vein passes inferiorly and drains into interior jugular vein
superficial temporal vein drains into external jugular artery