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Theme 1: Neuro Anatomy > Neck and oral cavity > Flashcards

Neck and oral cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Oral cavity

A

Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both nasa cavities superiorly and pharynx inferiorly

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2
Q

Outer oral vesitbule

A

Includes lips and cheeks

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3
Q

Inner oral cavity

A

Enclosed by teeth

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4
Q

Roof of oral cavity

A

Hard and soft palate

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5
Q

Arches of oral cavity

A

Created by muscles of soft palate

Palatoglossal arch

Palaropharyngeal arach- ulva

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6
Q

Floor of oral cavity

A

Formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and tongue

Contains submandibular and sublingual galnds

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7
Q

Tongue

A

Divided into anterior two thirds (oral) and posterior third (pharyngeal)

Papillae cover tongue

Undersurface contains medial fold

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8
Q

Muscles of the tongue

A

Divided into left and right halves

All muscles are paired

Intrinsic and extrinsic

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9
Q

Intrinsic tongue muscles

A

Longitudinal, transverse and ventricle create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing

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10
Q

Extrinsic tongue muscles

A

Genioglossus- depresses and protrudes tongue

Hyoglossus- depresses tongue

Styloglossus- retract tongue

Palatoglossus- elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate

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11
Q

Blood supply of tongue

A

Lingual arteries and drained to lingual veins

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12
Q

Tongue innervation: anterior 2/3

A

Taste
- special affereent facial CN7 via chorda tympani via lingual nerve (V3)

Sensation
- general sensation lingual nerve (V3)

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13
Q

Tongue innervation: posterior 1/3

A

Taste
- special afferent glossopharyngeal (CN9)

Sensation
- general sensation glossopharyngeal (CN9)

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14
Q

Motor innervation to whole tongue

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CN12) except platoglossus CN10

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15
Q

Cranial nerve 9

A

Glossopharyngeal

Type: sensory, special sensory, motor and visceral

Exit: jugular forament

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16
Q

Cranial nerve 9 innervation

A

Sensory: posterior 1/3 tongue, oropharynx

Taste: posterior 1/3 tongue

Motor: stylopharyngeus

Visceral to parotid gland to stimulate secretion to aid digestion

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17
Q

Cranial nerve 12

A

Hypoglossal

Type: motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Exit: hypoglossal canal

18
Q

Larynx function

A

Provides protective sphincter for air passage and produces phonation

19
Q

Framework of larynx

A

Cartilages: thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, cuneiform, corniculate and epiglottis

Contains ligaments

20
Q

Nerve supply to larynx

A

Sensory and motor from the vagus via superior laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal branch

21
Q

Blood supply to larynx

A

Upper half by superior thyroid artery and lower half by inferior thyroid artery

22
Q

Pharynx

A

Most posterior part of neck

Funnel shaped tube with three sections

  • nasopharynx
  • laryngopharynx
  • oropharynx
23
Q

Muscles of pharynx

A

Consist of three constrictors (superior, middle and inferior)

24
Q

Nerve supply to pharynx

A

Motor via vagus, except stylopharynx is CN9

Sensory via V2, CN9, CN10

25
Q

Cranial nerve 10

A

Vagus

Type: sensory, taste, visceral sensory, motor and visceral motor

Path: rootlets from medulla, through jugular foramen continues in carotid sheath, branches into head and thorax

Exit: jugular foramen

26
Q

Cranial nerve 10 innervation

A

Sensory: from larynx, dura mater

Tase: epiglottis and pharynx

Visceral sensory: aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut and foregut

Motor: palatoglossus, muscles of pharynx and larynx

Visceral motor: as part of PS to smooth muscle in glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera, foregut and midgut

27
Q

Neck

A

Transition area between base of cranium superiorly and thoracic cage inferiorly

Major conduit for structures passing between the head and thorax

Supported posteriorly by 7 cervical vertebrae

Contains mobile hyoid bone

28
Q

Fascia

A

Three important layers

  • pretracheal fascia
  • prevertebral fascia
  • onvesting fascia

Important as reduces spread of infection

29
Q

Submandibular triangle bound by

A

Anterior and posterior bellies of digastric

Contains: submandibular gland, facial artery and vein

30
Q

Submental triangle bounded by

A

Digastric

Contains lymph nodes

31
Q

Muscular triangle bounded by

A

Omohyoid, SCM

Contains supra and infra hyoid muscles

32
Q

Carotid triangle bounded by

A

Omohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric, SCM

Contains: common carotid artery, IJV, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve

33
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid

Innervation: facial nerve for stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric, mylohyoid by CN 5 and geniohyoid by CN12

34
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid and sternothyroid

Innervation: C1 and C3 of ansa cervicallis

35
Q

Posterior triangle contains

A

Subclavian artery

EJV

Branchial plexus

CN 11

Cervical plexus

36
Q

Occipital triangle bounded by

A

SCM

Trapezius

Omohyoid

37
Q

Supraclavicular triangle bounded by

A

Clavicular head of SCM

Clavicle

Omohyoid

38
Q

Arterial supply

A

Brachiocephalic

Common carotid

Internal and external carotids

External carotid and 6 branches to supply the neck and head

Superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, maxillary, superficial

Subclavian arteries- inferior thyroid

Internal carotid- no branches until inside skull

39
Q

Venous drainage

A

The IJV drains the brain, face, cervical viscera and neck muscles

External jugular vein

Anterior jugular vein

40
Q

Cranial nerve 11

A

Accessory nerve

Type: motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Exit: jugular foramen

41
Q

Cranial nerve 8

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Type: sensory, special somatic afferent for hearing, equilibrium adn motion

Path: divides into vestibular and cochlear nerves

Exit: internal acoustic meatus

Theme 1: Neuro Anatomy (5 decks)

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