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Anatomy Test Block 1 > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the borders of the anterior triangle?

A

inferior mandible, anterior sternocleidomastoid, midline of neck

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2
Q

What forms the borders of the posterior cervical triangle?

A

superior border of trap, clavicle, posterior sternocleidomastoid

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3
Q

What to muscles have 2 bellys and also change direction?

A

omohyoid and digastric

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4
Q

Ludwigs angina

A

chest pain due to infection of oral cavity

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5
Q

What nerve innervates all muscles of facial expression?

A

CN VII Facial

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6
Q

What muscles are within the enveloping layer of deep cervical fascia?

A

trapezius; sternocleidomastoid

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7
Q

What is contained w/i the carotid sheath?

A

internal jugular; vagus n.; common carotid

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8
Q

What lies within the subcutaneous tissue/superficial fascia of neck?

A

the platysma muscle and the external jugular v

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9
Q

What is located in the pretracheal fascia aka buccopharyngeal fascia?

A

esophagus, trachea, and thyroid

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10
Q

What does the prevertebral fascia envelope?

A

deep muscles of the back and posterior neck muscles

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11
Q

What membrane is pierced when performing an emergency trach?

A

cricothyroid membrane

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12
Q

What artery pierces the thyrohyoid membrane to supply the larynx?

A

superior laryngeal a.

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13
Q

What are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk?

A

inferior thyroid; ascending cervical; suprascapular; transverse cervical

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14
Q

What a. does the thyrocervical trunk branch off of?

A

brachiocephalic trunk

–> r. subclavian

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15
Q

What vein is responsible for draining the face? And what one drains the cranial vault?

A

external jugular drains the face and internal jugular drains the cranial vault

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16
Q

What cervical nerves make up the cervical plexus?

A

C1-C4

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17
Q

Which triangle of the neck is motor in terms of cervical plexus branches?

A

anterior triangle

18
Q

Which triangle of the neck is sensory in terms of cervical plexus branches?

A

posterior triangle

19
Q

Which cervical nerve gives rise to the phrenic nerve? and what are the functional components of the phrenic nerve?

A

C4; SA SE VA VE - NO parasympathetics

20
Q

Ansa cervivalis inn what muscles?

A

omohyoid; sternohyoid; sternothyroid

21
Q

Where in the neck does ansa cervicalis run?

A

over the internal jugular and common carotid

22
Q

Where do the sympathetic chain ganglia of the cervical area supply?

A

superior CG: eyes

Middle and inferior CG: face

23
Q

If the cervical sympathetic chain is damaged, what syndrome is produces?

A

Horner’s Syndrome

24
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

A

ptosis of eyelid; constriction of pupil; dry face

25
Q

What are the structures that influence bp and respiration?

A

carotid body; carotid sinus; aortic arch receptors

26
Q

What nerves branches off trigeminal that has clinical significance when at dentist?

A

nerve to mylohyoid

27
Q

Ansa cervicalis innervates:

A

strap muscles of the neck and omohyoid

28
Q

What innervates thyrohyoid?

A

C1 (not ansa) via hypoglossal n.

29
Q

What innervates cricothyroid?

A

Vagus

30
Q

Sialadenitis

A

inflammation/infection of the salivary glands usually due to blockage of a duct by a stone; presents w/ uni/bilateral swelling of glands; treated w/ high does antibiotics

31
Q

Carotid endarterectomy

A

atherosclerotic plaque removed from carotid a. to restore blood flow to brain; usually only done if blockage is > 90%

32
Q

Branchial Cleft (Arch) Cyst

A

when remnants of the embryologic structure don’t recede normally and become infected; always on lateral side;

33
Q

What muscles does the accessory n supply?

A

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius (as a cutaneous n.)

34
Q

Where do motor fibers of the cervical plexus run?

A

deep to sternocleidomastoid to innervate muscles of the anterior triangle

35
Q

Where does the sensory component of the cervical plexus run?

A

leaves the posterior triangle to inn skin of the head and neck and shoulders

36
Q

thyroglossal duct cyst

A

presents on midline; 1/2 population have pyramidal lobe and duct left from the course development

37
Q

The recuurent laryngeal nerve branches off of ?

A

vagus n.

38
Q

recurrent laryngeal nerve supply

A

motor supply to larynx; travels behind thyroid gland

39
Q

What nerve is most commonly injured during a thyroidectomy?

A

recurrent laryngeal n. (presents w/ horse speech)

40
Q

Torticollis

A

spasm of sternocleidomastoid - will turn the head to opposite side

41
Q

CN XI injury

A

(superficial)can occur w/ trauma, forceful lateral extension of neck, lymph node biopsy, etc.; results in inability to shrug shoulder

If pt has lesion in posterior triangle, ALWAYS refer them

Anatomy Test Block 1 (8 decks)

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