Neck Flashcards
What is the function of the carotid sinus and body at the site of the carotid bifurcation?
The carotid sinus and bodies monitor blood pressure. The carotid sinus acts as a baroreceptor and the carotid bodies act as chemoreceptors to monitor O2 in the blood.
What are the infrahyoid muscles and their function?
Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid
Function - depress the hyoid
Where does the external jugular vein terminate?
Subclavian vein
Where does the internal jugular vein terminate?
Subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein
Describe the pathway of the external carotid artery.
The external carotid artery is a branch of the common carotid artery that supplies the neck and face. As the external carotid ascends, it gives off superior thyroid, facial, lingual, and occipital branches. The external carotid ends by branching into the maxillary and superficial temporal arteries within the parotid gland.
What is the function of the longus colli?
Flex neck and rotate head to opposite side
What nerve runs posterior to the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein?
Vagus nerve
What are the suprahyoid muscles and their function?
Digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, geniohyoid
Function - elevate the hyoid
What are the contents of the scalene triangle?
Brachial plexus & subclavian artery
What are the contents of the carotid sheath?
Common and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, deep cervical lymph nodes, sympathetic fibers
What are the branches of the subclavian artery?
Vertebral, internal thoracic, thyrocervical trunk, dorsal scapular, and costocervical trunk
What is the innervation of the mylohyoid?
N. to mylohyoid (branch of V3 - Mandibular nerve)
What lymph nodes drain into the internal jugular vein?
Deep cervical lymph nodes
Describe the pathway of the internal carotid artery.
The internal carotid artery is a branch of the common carotid that ascends superiorly through the carotid sheath and enters the skull via the carotid canal
What is the function of the SCM?
Extend head & rotate away from contracting SCM
Where does the vertebral artery originate?
Subclavian artery
What is the innervation of the scalenes?
Ventral rami
What is the innervation of the digastric?
Anterior belly - N. to mylohyoid
Posterior belly - CN VII (facial nerve)
What nerve innervates the thyrohyoid muscle?
Ventral rami of C1
The retropharyngeal space is lined by what?
Pre-vertebral fascia and buccopharyngeal fascia
These muscles lay anterior to the vertebral column.
Prevertebral muscles
What muscle flexes the head and is often damaged in car accidents?
Longus capitis
What arteries branch from the aortic arch?
Brachiocephalic trunk (right common carotid & subclavian), left common carotid, left subclavian
What muscles are innervated by the ansa cervicalis?
Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, omohyoid
An infection between the pre-tracheal and pre-vertebral fascia may spread where?
Manubrium
What is the innervation of the stylohyoid?
CN VII (Facial Nerve)
What nerve innervates the SCM?
CN XI (Spinal Accessory)
An infection found in the pericardium that is known to have spread from the trachea likely originated where?
Deep to the pre-tracheal fascia
