Limbic System Flashcards
Calcification of the amygdala causes what symptoms?
Epilepsy, psychotic disorders, anxiety
During formation of longterm memories, information is sent to structures outside the hippocampus for storage. What is this process called?
System consolidation
What pathway connects the cortex directly with the hippocampus proper?
Alvear pathway
What is episodic memory?
Memories of personal experiences
Where does the stria terminalis fiber tract originate?
Amygdala
Implicit/non-declarative memory includes what kind of memories?
Procedural memories - bike riding, driving, etc.
What are symptoms of Kluver-Bucy syndrome?
Lack of emotional response, attention to all stimuli, hypersexuality
Where does longterm potentiation begin?
Hippocampus
What are the zones of the hippocampus?
Hippocampus proper, dentate nucleus, subiculum
Korsakoff syndrome causes memory deficiency and inability to form new memories. What are two primary causes?
Chronic alcoholism & B1 deficiency
Disruption of what pathway may cause behavioral changes?
Ventral amydalofugal pathway that connects the amygdala with the pre-frontal cortex
What are the types of explicit/declarative memory?
Semantic & episodic
True/False. In longerm potentiation, more neurotransmitter is released with each synapse.
False. The same amount of neurotransmitter is released, however, more receptors are formed during potentiation.
What term describes the strengthening of synapes?
Longterm potentiation
Destruction of the amygdala causes what disease?
Kluver-Bucy syndrome
What artery supplies the hippocampus and amygdala?
Anterior choroidal artery (branch of internal carotid)
How does the pre-frontal cortex affect the amygdala?
The pre-frontal cortex exerts inhibitory signals on the amygdala to influence behavior.
What is semantic memory?
General factual information
What circuit connects the hippocampus and amygdala and forms the basis of emotional memory?
Papez circuit - cingulate gyrus -> hippocampus -> fornix > mamillary bodies -> mammillothalamic tract -> anterior nucleus of the dorsal thalamus
What disease is caused by calcifications of the amygdala?
Urbach-Wiethe Disease
What term describes short-term/initial creation of a memory?
Synaptic consolidation
What structures does the perforant pathway connect?
Cortex and dentate nucleus of the hippocampus
What fiber tract originates in the hippocampus?
Fornix
Alzheimer’s disease is a result of the formation of what?
Amyloid plaques & neurofibrillary tangles
