NDOS515_Session_2

Question 1

“Desktop”…?

Answer 1

Shows up on your GUI desktop

Question 2

“Documents”…?

Answer 2

for…documents.

Question 3

“Bin”…?

Answer 3

holds “binaries” and executable scripts

Question 4

“public_html”…?

Answer 4

(sometimes) has your Web page(s)

Question 5

“pwd”…?

Answer 5

tells where you are

Question 6

“cd”…?

Answer 6

to get to a new directory (folder)

Question 7

”~”…?

Answer 7

refers to your home

• cd ~
• cd ~/music

Question 8

Leading slash (or ~) means …?

Answer 8

Start at top.

Question 9

Absence of slash means…?

Answer 9

From here.

Question 10

Linux Standard Directories:

/bin…?

Answer 10

Important executables.

Question 11

Linux Standard Directories:

/etc…?

Answer 11

System configuration.

Question 12

Linux Standard Directories:

/home…?

Answer 12

Users homes

Question 13

Linux Standard Directories:

/tmp…?

Answer 13

Temporary Files.

Question 14

Linux Standard Directories:

/user/bin…?

Answer 14

More executables.

Question 15

Redirection:

The output of any command can be captured into a file…?

Answer 15

ls > listing.txt

note: “.txt” isn’t necessary and is omitted by experienced Unix users

Question 16

Adding to a file…?

Answer 16

ls/bin&raquo_space; listing.txt

Question 17

Viewing files:

Short files can be viewed with…?

Answer 17

cat.

cat listing.txt

Question 18

Viewing files:

For longer ones, use…?

Answer 18

Less
(less bigfile)
(type space to see more, q to quit, h for help)

Question 19

Viewing files:

Use file to find out what something is…?

Answer 19

file /etc/passwd

Question 20

Copy, rename/move, delete…?

Answer 20

• cp coolstuff coolstuff.bak
• mv coolstuff.bak backup
• mv backup my-backups/coolstuff.bak
• rm my-backups/coolstuff.bak

Question 21

Unix (and Linux) is design on the assumption that you don’t like…?

Answer 21

Chatty computers.

Question 22

Success in Linux is generally indicated by…?

Answer 22

Silence:
(rm backup
rm backup2
rm: cannot remove ‘backup2’: No such file or directory)

Question 23

Directory Management:

For historical reasons, directories are handled differently:

Answer 23

• mkdir backups
• rmdir obsolete
• cp -r public_html backups/web-backup
• rm -r backups
  (WARNING rm -r is extremely dangerous. Never type Enter until you’ve triple-checked what you typed!)

Question 24

Globbing:

It’s a pain to type lots of file names, so you can…?

Answer 24

abbreviate.
- ls a*
- less *.txt (omits files starting with dot... why)
- ls .??*
More choices, but these are common ones.

Question 25

What is an editor...?

Answer 25

- Shows you exactly what's in the file - Give you control over file contents - Can be hard to learn

Question 26

What's a word processor...?

Answer 26

- Usually easy for beginners to get started - Puts priority on formatting and layout - Shows you what printed page will look like - File contents are very different from what you see.

Question 27

Simple Editors on Linux: | Nano...?

Answer 27

- Command-line - Fairly easy to start with - Word-wraps by default, which can be problematic

Question 28

Simple Editors on Linux: | gedit...?

Answer 28

- GUI | - Easy to get going

Question 29

Powerful Linux Editors: | vi...?

Answer 29

- Command line - Hard to learn - Modal - Popular with many (because they learned t first?)

Question 30

Powerful Linux Editors: | emacs...?

Answer 30

- Command line or GUI - Hard to learn - Amazingly powerful and flexible (too much?) - Lets you click, type, use arrow keys and mouse (non-modal)

Question 31

Best way to choose an editor...?

Answer 31

1. Decide how much work you're willing to put out. 2. Try at least two - Give enough time to actually learn them well - Choose significantly different ones. 3. Pick based on what fits your preference and needs. - DON'T choose one just because your friends use it.