NCLEX- Metabolic and Endocrine

Question 1

prevent hypoglycemia

Answer 1

high carb snack before activity/exercise

Question 2

child w/ type I DM- sick, positive urine ketones

Answer 2

child encouraged to drink more fluids to clear out ketones from body

Question 3

hypotonic dehydration w IV administration of KCl - priority assessment

Answer 3

measuring urine output

kidneys play direct role in the excretion and reabsorption of K

Question 4

S/s diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer 4

occurs from complication of DM: severe insulin deficiency –> hyperglycemia

-fruity breath
-decreased LOC
-hunger
-dehydration –> hypotension

Question 5

s/s hypoglycemia

Answer 5

-cold, clammy skin
-irritability
-sweating
-tremors

Question 6

phenylketonuria

Answer 6

autosomal recessive disorder –> toxic levels of phenylalanine in blood–> CNS damage

toxic levels –>20 mg/dL
nml levels: 0-2

Question 7

initial tx of diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer 7

hydration
IV-NS

Question 8

child w fever- ibuprofen administration

Answer 8

-remove excess clothing and blankets
-no sponge bath w/ cold water–> shivering–> increases metabolic requirements
-encourage fluids

Question 9

Aspirin- salicylate- child w fever

Answer 9

do not give to child w fever –> risk of Reye’s syndrome

Question 10

electrolyte replacement therapy

Answer 10

diabetic ketoacidosis