NCERT Part 1

Question 1

A group of similar cells along with intracellular substances perform a specific function. This organisation is called tissue. The said compositional cells are similar across what dimensions?

Answer 1

Origin, form and function.

Question 2

Simple and compound epithelium- one function and difference each.

Answer 2

Simple: made up of a single layer of cells and functions as lining for body cavities, ducts and tubes.

Compound: two or more layers and mainly protective in functioning.

Question 3

Simple epithelium types based on structural modification

Answer 3

THREE

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 4

Commonly found in ducts of glands and tubular parts of nephron in kidneys

Answer 4

Cuboidal

Question 5

Epithelium of the PCT of the nephron of kidney has?

Answer 5

Microvilli. BRUSH BORDERED CUBOIDAL.

Question 6

Lining of stomach and intestine

Answer 6

Columnar

Question 7

Inner surfaces of hollow organs like bronchioles and Fallopian tubes

Answer 7

Ciliated

Question 8

Some cuboidal or columnar cells get specialised for secretion

Answer 8

Glandular epithelium
Two types:
Unicellular- isolated goblet cells which line the alimentary canal
Multicellular- consisting of cluster of cells (eg salivary)

Question 9

Glands are classified as exocrine or endocrine on the basis of?

Answer 9

Mode of pouring their secretion

Question 10

Exocrine glands secrete

Answer 10

Mucus, saliva, ear wax, milk, digestive enzymes, other cell products
(Released via ducts/tubes)

Question 11

Endocrine glands secrete

Answer 11

Hormones, without ducts and directly into the fluid (blood/lymph) bathing the tissue

Question 12

Compound epithelium examples

Answer 12

Dry surface: skin
Moist surface: 1)buccal cavity
2) pharynx
3) inner lining of salivary glands
4) pancreatic ducts

Question 13

Cover the dry surface of skin

Answer 13

Compound epithelium

Question 14

Cover the moist surface of buccal cavity, pharynx, inner lining of salivary gland and pancreatic ducts

Answer 14

Compound

Question 15

Junction that Stops substance from leaking across a tissue

Answer 15

Tight junction

Question 16

Junction that Performs cementing to keep neighbouring cells together

Answer 16

Adhering

Question 17

Junction that Facilitates cell communication

Answer 17

Gap junction

Question 18

Gap junction facilitates the rapid transfer of

Answer 18

Ions, small molecules and sometimes even large molecules

Question 19

Which tissue LINKS and SUPPORTS other tissues/organs?

Answer 19

Connective

Question 20

Connective tissue range from - to - ?

Answer 20

Soft to specialised

Question 21

Name specialised connective tissues

Answer 21

Cartilage, bone, adipose and blood

Question 22

What’s the most widely distributed tissue in the body of complex animals

Answer 22

Connective

Question 23

Statement: In ALL connective tissues, cells secrete fibres of structural proteins (collagen/elastin)
True/false

Answer 23

False. Blood is an exception.

Question 24

What provides strength, elasticity and flexibility to the connective tissues?

Answer 24

FIBRES. (Collagen/Elastin)

Question 25

Apart from fibres, what else do cells of connective tissues secrete?

Answer 25

MODIFIED POLYSACCHARIDES. They accumulate between cells and fibres and act as matrix (ground substance).

Question 26

Connective tissue classified into

Answer 26

THREE TYPES 1) Loose 2) Dense 3) Specialised

Question 27

Connective tissue serves as support framework for epithelium

Answer 27

Areolar tissue present beneath the skin

Question 28

Apart from Areolar, what other connective tissue is found beneath the skin

Answer 28

Adipose

Question 29

Layer of CT beneath skin contains what

Answer 29

Areolar tissue has Fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells

Question 30

Where does adipose get its fat?

Answer 30

Excess of nutrients which are not used immediately are converted into fats

Question 31

Cells and fibres loosely arranged in a semi fluid ground substance Vs completely packed fibres and fibroblasts

Answer 31

Loose and dense CT

Question 32

Which dense regular CT connects muscle to bone

Answer 32

TENDON

Question 33

Which dense regular CT connects bone to bone

Answer 33

LIGAMENT

Question 34

Tendons (muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone) are examples of

Answer 34

Dense regular CT

Question 35

In which CT collagen fibres are present in rows between many parallel bundles of fibres?

Answer 35

Dense Regular/ Tendon or Ligament

Question 36

Which fibre is majorly found in dense irregular CT

Answer 36

Collagen

Question 37

Which CT is present in skin

Answer 37

Dense irregular

Question 38

Name the various types of specialised connective tissues

Answer 38

Cartilage, bone, blood

Question 39

Connective tissues range from soft to specialised such as

Answer 39

Adipose Cartilage Bone Blood

Question 40

Which CT has a solid, pliable intercellular material which resists compression

Answer 40

Cartilage

Question 41

Which CT has a hard and non pliable intracellular material

Answer 41

Bone

Question 42

Matrix in the small cavities of cartilage is secretes by

Answer 42

The cells inhabiting these small cavities, chondrocytes.

Question 43

Most cartilages in embryos of all animals are replaced by bones in adults. True/False

Answer 43

False. Vertebrate embryos only.