Nazi road to Dictatorship 1932-4

Question 1

SA

Answer 1

invited the young to join and have activities- gave them something to do

Question 2

propaganda

Answer 2

April 1930 Joseph Goebbels
specific leaflets produced for different social groups
loudspeakers, radio, film and records
organisation of mass rallies
Fuhrer cult

Question 3

who did the Nazis blame for losing the war

Answer 3

November criminals
jews
communists

Question 4

violence

Answer 4

growth of unemployment meant joined SA and uncontrollable which led to increase in violence

Question 5

Papen’s failure

Answer 5

Papen humiliated as 12 September 1932 call for vote of no confidence for Papen’s government - dissolved reichstag and called for new vote- Hidenburg demanded resignation

Question 6

Hitler’s success

Answer 6

4th January 1933 secret meeting with Papen and Hindenburg- Hitler should head in a Nazi-Nationalist coalition government with Papen as vice-chancellor
back-stage intrigue- unseat Schleicher as vice-chancellor by Papen encouraging Hindenburg
30th January 1933 Hindenburg agreed to sanction the creation of a Nazi-Nationalist coalition- as Papen thought could control Hitler

Question 7

Limitations as Hitler as chancellor

Answer 7

only 2 other nazis in cabinet of 12
hitler’s coalition government did nit have majority in reichstag
chancellor’s post dependent on whim of president

Question 8

Hitler’s strengths

Answer 8

leader of largest political party
nazi party gained access to resources of state- Goring minister of interior for Prussia and controlled police
hitler was a master at policy tactician

Question 9

Reichstag Fire

Answer 9

27th February 1933
reichstag caught on fire and believed now to be by the Nazis on purpose but blamed a dutch
allowed Hitler to create/ or have Hindenburg sign Decree for Protection of People and State

Question 10

The Enabling Act 1933

Answer 10

gave Hitler complete power for 4 years

Question 11

Gleichschaltung

Answer 11

bringing into line of Nazi policies
establishment of dictatorship
SA- exploited but used local level
The federal states - regional parliaments were abolished 1934
trade unions- 1 May declared celebration for trade union and next day union premises controlled by SA and SS and sent to early concentration camps such as Dachau
individual trade unions became part of DAF- 22 million members
Political parties- Communists banned since Fire, others willing to dissolve by June 1933 apart from ZP but did

Question 12

The Night of the Long Knives

Answer 12

June 1934
caused by SA and Army inability to work together- SA became uncontrollable but army needed to ensure survival of Nazi regime
Rohm and other members assassinated - 200

Question 13

Significance of NotLK

Answer 13

German army had aligned itself with Hitler
SA rendered almost unarmed and no significant role in development of Nazi state
Hitler secured own personal political power

Question 14

when did Hindenburg die?

Answer 14

2nd August- no political crisis- Hitler assumed roles of chancellor, president and took on title of Fuhrer

Question 15

key factors in establishing Nazi dictatorship

Answer 15

Terror
Legality
Deception
Propaganda
weakness of opposition
sympathy of conservative right