Nazi Germany Flashcards
What was the enabling act
When the SA intimidated all the remaining non-Nazi deputies. The Reichstag votes to give Hitler the right to make his own laws.
What 5 things did the reichstag fire enable?🇦🇴👊🏼🤞🏼📜
- could blame the communist party
- it gave power to the SA
- showed that the nazis were the safest party
- pressed an emergency decree
- helped the enabling act form
When was the reichstag fire?
27 February 1933
When was the general election in 1933 and how many people voted for the nazis?
5th march
44%
What did Gleichschaltung mean?
Bring into line
Create a purer Germany
What did Gleichschaltung consist of in 1933?
- The opening of Dachau in 22nd march
- The jewish boycott 1st April
- The civil service act a week later (7th April)
- Book Burnings 10th May
What four things did the emergency decree consist of?🗽🗣📰👨👨👧👦
- no personal liberty
- no freedom of speech
- no freedom of press
- no freedom of assembly
Name 4 examples of hitlers laws after the enabling act was taken place🏠📚🔪🗳
- SA could search homes
- no trade unions
- opposition were either killed or arrested
- intimidation when voting
When was the enabling act enforced?
23rd of March 1933
The removal of Hitlers opposition was helped by what?🏭
The opening of Dachau meant Jews, Communists, Homosexuals, emigrants, gypsies etc went there to work and be killed
How did Hitler control the government and courts?
March 1933-Regional parliaments were dissolved and reformed under nazi rule
April 1933-Reich governors were introduced(controlled the states)
January 1934-Regional parliaments were abolished and replaced with Hitlers central government rules
The Peoples court was introduced when and why?
1934 due to his dissatisfaction at the outcome of the Reichstag fire trial.
How many cases resulted in death from the Peoples court?
7000 out of 16000
Give an example of someone who was condemned guilty at the Peoples court
Karlrobert Kreiten- a popular pianist who made negative remarks about hitler. Death penelty
When was the night of broken glass and what was it?
9th November 1938
German diplomat Ernst vom Rath was murdered by Herschel Grynszpan.
This lead jewish shops and synagogs being attacked and destroyed.
90+ killed
What and when was the night of long knives
June 1934
When Hitler chose the Army over the SA.
Two advantages of the army👌🏼💶
Two disadvantages of the army💂🏼🤷🏽♂️
- Well trained
- Had the support of big businesses
- only had 100,000men
- loyalty was unknown
Two advantages of the SA👨👨👦👦👬
Two disadvantages of the SA🤴🏼🤔
- Rohm was a friend of Hitler
- 2million men
- getting too confident
- Disapproved of some nazi leaders
Why did Hitler choose the army?two points
✅😡
- The advantages of the army
2. Rohm had made enemies with leaders Himmler, Goerring and Goebbels
Who were the SA and when did they turn into the secret police
Hitlers original body guards in the 20s-30s
Turned into the Secret Police in 1936
Who were the gestapo?
1936 formed
Tapped phone calls
Highly feared
Who were the SS
Hitlers followers who were given police power such as running concentration camps
Ran by Himmler
Two crimes that could result in the dealth penalty
- Sexual relationship with a Jew
2. Telling anti-nazi jokes
What 7 things were controlled by propaganda?📚✈️🎥🌇📻🗞📸
- culture (arts, books)
- holidays and celebrations
- films
- posters 125000
- radio
- newspaper
- photography
The impact of shortages on Germany during the war❄️🥜🛳😟
1.worst winter in 1940 lead to shortages in Spring, they couldn’t rely on imports meaning rations were sanctioned.
Jews had less, no complaining
The impacts of ww2 on women
🛠2️⃣
Perspective of women changed
Speer believed they should work, hitler did not
Restrictions were lifted in the war
Start of war they had to work for 6months in labour service
760000 workers, doubled in two years
The impacts of bombing and evacuation on Germany in ww2💣🌆🏕
1940 RAF campaigned against bombing industrial areas
August 28th 1940- Britain bombed Berlin
3-4 nights of bombing
Air-raid shelters didnt work so evacuation and camps were needed
Who were the swing youth?
Ex Hitler Youth members who wore british flags and listened to swing music
Who were the white rose group?
A group lead by the philosophy professor at Munich university
What types of opposition did the white rose group do?
Handed out leaflets
Wrote ‘freedom’ and ‘down with hitler’ on walls
When was the leader of the white rose group executed?
1943
Why did young people oppose the nazis?
Because they didnt want to follow the Hitler youth
3reasons to keep the church?✝️👨👩👧💪🏼
- The majority of Germans were christians
- common ground on beliefs, eg family life
- Nazi could use it to spread belief and show power
Who was Von Galen? (3points)✝️🤕👻
- The catholic archbishop of Munster
- Lead a campaign to end euthanasia of mentally disabled
- Executed
3 policies that effected the workers
- Deutsch Arbeitsfront (German labour front) humane work
- strength through joy (cruises)
- winter relief fund (food, be a nazi without actually joining the party)
How many teachers in Berlin were fired?
13%
Whats the term for the ‘master race’
Ubermenschen
Term for the ‘subhumans’
Untermenschen
3 types of Aryan race ?
NPW
Nordic-best
Phalian-Britain, france
Western-italy
When was the Bomb plot
July 1944
Describe the first solution in 38-89
Forced jews to leave the country
110000 jews emigrated in 2years
2nd solution- when did germany invade poland
September 1939
What happened in the second solution?
Ghettos were in enclosed districs such as warsaw in poland
When did the final solution occur?
When the nazis invaded the soviet union in June 1941
Why was death by gas introduced?
To stop the phycological impacts on the SS members.
When was Auschwitz complete?
1940 October
How many were killed at Auschwizt?
1.1million
