Nazi Germany Flashcards
Hitler became Fuhrer in
2nd August 1934
First leader of Nazi party
Anton Drexler, then Hitler in 1921
NP formed in
1918
Original name of NP
DAP (Deutsch Arbeiter Party) became Nazi Party in 1920
Facts about Hitler
- Born 1889 in Austria
- Fought in WW1 and got iron cross
- stayed working in Munich intelligence services and came across DAP, was first in charge of propaganda
SA set up in ___ and what were they
1921 by Hitler, former soldiers now unemployed, set up to protect political meetings from attacks by Communists but as they grew in size they began to disrupt meetings of rival political groups
25 point programme (6 main points)
- abolition of the treaty
- union of Germany and Austria
- only true Germans allowed in Germany
- large industries and businesses nationalized
- generous provisions for OAPs
- a strong central government in germ
Goebbels?
- minister of propaganda 1933-45
- died 1945 with wife and family in bunker with hitler in berlin
Goering?
- 1934 against rohm
- NOLK, 1935 air force
- 1936 Four year plan
Himmler?
- Head of SS
- Responsible for final solution
Heydrich?
- Responsible for Gestapo
- 1941 organised final solution
Rohm?
- Head of SA
- Killed on NOLK
Dr Ley?
Head of German Labour front
Hess?
Deputy leader of Nazi party
Speer?
Minister for reamanment and war production in 1942
Nazi economic success
Economic recovery greatly appreciated, stopped comms, brought back trad. values, 1933-38 people felt country was in great power again
Support from economic fears
Germans expressed opposition, lose job and buissnesses contributed to nazi funds in order to keep from going bankrupt
German Propaganda
Germans didn’t hear about bad things happening - pro-Nazi funds in order to keep from going bankrupt
Propaganda lead Hitler to still be widely respected even when germ losing war in 1944
Hitler deals with church
1933 Hiler signed Concordia with Catholic Church- agreed to stay out of politics as long as Hitler stayed out of cath schools and churches. Hitler tried t omake own church- Reich church led by Protestant Muller
Resistance to nazis
July 1944 some army officers almost assassinated Hitler and failed (Bombing), 5000 killed in Nazi response
Hitler said Mein Kampf should be placed on every altar and only official Nazis could preach - Cardinal Innitzer, Bonhoeffer and Niemoller and others retaliated
Nazi youth groups established in ___
By 1933 had ____ members
by 1936 had ____ members bc Hitler youth laws passed making it compulsory
1925, 10000, 4 million
Girl groups, Boy groups
Female 10-14 Jungadelbund 14-18 Bund Deutscher Madel Male 10-14 Deutsches Jungvolk 14-18 Hitlers Jungend
Indoctrination?
believe in something completely so nothing can shake that belief - turned them into loyal Nazis, encouraged them to report to them if parents/teachers said anything against Nazis
prepared boys for army and girls for good housewives and to have kids
History
Maths/Reading
Discipline
Fitness
Patriotism
Anti-semitism
military style
to prepare for Army and childbearing
Swing movement
Middle-class teens
went to parties and listened to English and American music
listened to banned jazz music and accepted Jews
had long hair and wore English clothes
Edelweiss Pirates
working class teens
14-17
taunted and attacked Hitler youth bands
December 1942 Gestapo broke up 28 groups with 739 teens
1944 helped Army shelter deserters in Cologne and escaped prisoners and attacked Gestapo killing leader
Nazis found ringleaders and publicly hung 12 of them in November 1944
Death camps had ____ jews
____ European gypsies
and 4 others
6 million
500,000
political prisoners, JEhovah’s witnesses, homosexuals and Russians and Polish
In ___ Germany invaded USSR and found themselves in control of ___ Russian Jews and other countries Jews. What did they do and when
1941, 3 million, German forces round up and shoot all Jews - special SS units Einsatzgruppen, in 1942 death camps set up in Auschwitz, Treblinka and other places
The Final Solution Genocide wouldn’t have been possible without…
- Civil service bureaucracy who stored and collected information on Jews
- Police forces and occupied lands - many victims of Nazis like Anne Frank were taken by police
Won 32 seats and temporary name change due to Munich Putsch - NSFP
May 1924
Won 14 seats showing Weimar Democracy recovering from crisis of 1923
December 1924
won 12 seats
May 1928
won 107 seats - Rise of the Nazis
14 Sep 1930
Wall Street Crash
29 october 1929
won 230 seats
July 1932
won 196 seats
november 1932
Hitler made chancellor
30th January 1933
Reichstag Fire
Feb 27th, 1933
Emergency Decree
Feb 28th 1933
Re-elections after Reichstag fire - 288 seats (43.9%)
March 1933
Civil service administration, court and education purged of jews and other nazi oponents
7th april 1933
Workers granted may day
1st may 1933
Trade unions banned-new German labour front created
2nd may 1933
Employment law- public works make jobs
9th june 1933
law against the formation of new parties
14th july 1933
all state govs taken over
Jan 1934
NOLK
30th June 1934
Hitler becomes fuhrer
2nd august 1934
