More Cold War Flashcards
Who did Churchill feel was to blame for cold war?
Stalin bc of his iron curtain as it means Stalin is using too much control and is planning control, even more, countries w his communist views, eradicating peace
who did Stalin feel was to blame for cold war?
responds to Churchill’s statement by saying, in fact, the Germans are to blame bc they were taking over eastern Europe countries so Russia had to gain control over them in order for their own safety & protection
In ___ allies split Germany into __ zones and Berlin into ___ zones. USSR took huge ____ from their zone in Eastern Germ but allies tried to ___ conditions in their zones.
1945, 4, 4, reparations, improve
in ____ Allies united their zones into a new county -West Germany
on ____ they introduced a new currency which they said would help trade
June 1948, 23 June 1948
The day after allies introduced new currency- on the ___ Stalin cut off all rail links to ___ - Berlin Blockade
24th June 1948, Berlin
West saw the blockade as an attempt to starve West Berlin into surrender so they supplied West Berlin by ___. The blockade lasted ___ days
air, 318
Stalin stepped up the blockade on the ___ of ___ by blocking roads and canals too
on _____ Stalin abandoned blockade
24th June, 12th May 1949
Blows to communism (3) and what did they lead to
- in elections 1945, Berlin communities voted for SDP instead of comm
- comm needed to do lots of expensive building in Berlin and didn’t have enough money which created the black market and rationing- had to work with other countries on this
- in June 1948 allies join zones and call it West germ- exclude USSR from their discussions
- June 24th, 1948 USSR stops rails- ‘Berlin Blockade’
Berlin Airlift facts: Aircraft sent out every \_\_\_ seconds \_\_\_\_ tonnes of stuff transported in a day \_\_\_\_ planes transported transported \_\_\_ tonnes of supplies a plane landed every \_\_\_ minutes
30 5000 275000 1.5million 3
On ___ USSR exploded first atomic bomb
August 29, 1949
NATO- set up when and what does it stand for
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, set up April 1949
Military alliance of western powers-direct result of cold war and events like the Berlin airlift to prevent communism from taking control- safeguard against future comm. aggression
members of NATO (12)
U.ntil C.arrots N.ear U.nderground F.ind B.unnies N.ear P.ools D.igg I.ng I.nto L.ines
USA Canada Norway UK France Belgium The Netherlands Portugal Denmark Italy Iceland Luxemburg
Terms of Nato and Stalin’s reaction to NATO
-Have a standing army of a particular capacity
-If a country in the treaty is attacked, you must aid them all will defend
Stalin acts innocent and as though NATO is a bad idea and will create grave consequences
1) ___ borders onto Poland
2) ww2, ____ partially invaded ___ through Poland
3) Stalin has a big interest in Poland- wants to protect himself “as a reward for fighting Nazis in ww2”
4) In the ____ conference, Stalin says he would like to move his borders into Poland, ___ says NO!
5) ____ has little influence as Stalin’s troops liberate Poland after ___ and currently occupied it
USSR
Germany, USSR
Potsdam, Churchill
Churchill, ww2
6) __ negotiates with Stalin -the UK will ignore civil war in __ if Stalin doesn’t control Poland
7) Stalin sets up a comm gov in Poland anyway. ___ and ___ protest ___ in particular wanted anti-comm gov ran by London Poles
8) Instead, Stalin uses pro comm Polish people who were in exile in USSR to set up new pro comm gov. These were known as the _____
Churchill, Greece
USA, UK, USA
Lublin Poles
Containment- why did they feel the need for it
Bc of the spread of communism in East Europe and China. In 1949 the comm forces under Mao Zedong defeated the Chinese Nationalists forces nad took control of China
What does containment mean?
Stopping the spread of communism
When and Who’s policy was containment?
President Truman (from Truman Doctrine) in 1947 became stronger in 1955
How did they carry out containment?
- began w USA building up a larger arsenal of nuclear weapons and strong conventional forces- kept soldiers and weapons at land and supplied arms and soldiers to friendly countries and cited some nuclear weapons in friendly countries
- soviet union built up own conventional and nuclear forces - arms race
- Dulles (US secretary of state) set up anti-comm alliances- CENTO in 1955, SEATO in 1954 and NATO in 1949
- Soviet Union made own Warsaw Treaty Organisation (1955) composed of USSR and all communist East European countries except Yugoslavia
GREECE CIVIL WAR:
The USA paid British troops to stay in Greece nad defend monarchy
the communists accepted defeat and the disbandment of their forces at a conference in February 1945,
1946 a full-scale guerrilla war was reopened by the communists. The commitment of defending Greece became too much for Great Britain, so was taken on by the U.S. government, with the announcement of the Truman Doctrine.
