Impact of WW1 on Britain

Question 1

The British army had approx ___ men at its disposal
Secretary of State for War, ___ recognised army was too small compared to France and Germany and wanted to build an army of __ divisions

Answer 1

1914, Lord Kitchener, 710,000, 70 divisions

Question 2

Years of the volunteer army created by Lord Kitchener
____ British gov called for extra ___ volunteer soldiers to come forward
They got ___ men by the end of ___ and by ____ there was more than ____ that had joined voluntarily
By mid __ volunteer members were falling fast and ___ Act created a list of all men fit for military service still available

Answer 2

1914-15
August 1914, 10000
750000, september, jan 1915, 1 million
1915, National Registration

Question 3

Conscription introduced ___ targeting single men aged ____. By __ conscription also called out for married men
Conscientious Objectors + ppl with other issues could appeal to local ___

Answer 3

1916-18
Jan 1916, 18-41, June
Military service Tribunal

Question 4

___ men appealed against their conscription in the 1st _months of registration
approx ___ men were conscientious objectors - Quakers
___ objectors given ‘work of national importance’ including farming
___ given non-combatant duties
___ forced into army and when refused orders, sent to prison
___ objectors taken to France and formally sentenced to death but immediately reprised to __ years in prison- __ died in prison and ___ died elsewhere as a result of treatment

Answer 4

750,000
6
16000
4500
7000
6000
35, 10, 70

Question 5

Many objectors accepted non-combatant service e.g ___, conscientious objectors deemed not to have any useful contribution so were disfranchised for _ years after war but there was no administrative machinery to enforce such disfranchisement

Answer 5

Stretcher bearers, 5

Question 6

In ___, ____ women registered for work

Answer 6

1915, 100,000

Question 7

___ men killed in war and ___s more injured

Answer 7

880000, 100s

Question 8

D.O.R.A

Answer 8

Defence of the realm act gave gov power to control any buildings/land and could take over any industries taking part in war effort. 1914
Allowed gov to control what public knew about war through censorship
Gov could create farmland

Question 9

in ___ created Womens Land Army

Answer 9

February 1917

Question 10

Rent Restriction act

Answer 10

Landlords put up rent so they could make money from newly recruited munitions workers- 1913

Question 11

Mothers day introduced

Answer 11

1916

Question 12

War declared on germany and gov launched massive recruitment campaign

Answer 12

2nd august 1914

Question 13

DORA introduced

Answer 13

8th august 1914

Question 14

From __ to ___ women’s organisations set up including ___ and ___

Answer 14

1914, August, September, Women’s Hospital Corps, Women’s police volunteers

Question 15

The bombing of British Civilians. German Warships shelled east coast of Britain. In Scarborough, ___ were killed

Answer 15

1914, 16th December 119

Question 16

First air raids by German Zeppelin airships dropping bombs on East Anglian towns

Answer 16

1915, 19th January

Question 17

Coalition gov with politicians from all parties formed to handle the growing crisis in Britain

Answer 17

May, 1915

Question 18

First Zepplin air raids on London.

Answer 18

31st May, 1915

Question 19

The Munitions Crisis- British troops facing severe shortage of shells and bullets. Gov set up ____ under DLG to reorganise britain’s munitions supply. DLG and Pankhurst organised a ‘womens march for jobs’ to recruit women to work in factories

Answer 19

July 1915, Ministry of Munitions

Question 20

Many employers refused to take on women and trade unions refused to allow women workers, gov had to come to agreement w trade unions that women would be paid same as men, and should only work ‘until sufficient male labour is available’
gov also set up its own munitions factories, employing largely women

Answer 20

Autumn 1915

Question 21

First military service bill introduced conscription of all single men aged 18-41

Answer 21

25th Jan 1916

Question 22

2nd military service bill extended conscription to married men

Answer 22

june 1916

Question 23

Battle of the Somme began, more british soldiers were killed in this battle than in any previous battle

Answer 23

1st July 1916

Question 24

Gov showed feature film ‘the battle of the Somme’ which the ‘Evening News’ called the ‘greatest moving picture in the world’

Answer 24

august 1916

Question 25

Battle of the Somme called off- w very little to gain to show for the ___ British casualties

Answer 25

18th November 1916,500000

Question 26

1st time there was public critisicms of the way the war was being run by the generals

Answer 26

November 1916

Question 27

DLG (critic of army leadership) became PM in place of Asquith. He immediately reorganised gov to focus all effort on the war and set up the ___ to deak with the labour supply in british industry. Set up the __ to deal with the food supply

Answer 27

7th December 1916
Ministry of Labour
Ministry of Food

Question 28

Germany began 3rd and most devastating campaign of unrestricted submarine warfare against British Merchant ships. ____ formed to recruit women as farm labourers

Answer 28

February 1917, The Women’s Land Army

Question 29

German U-Boats sank ___ British Merchant ships in the Atlantic so food supply running very low. Under DORA gov took over ___acres of new farming land to help feed britain

Answer 29

April 1917
1 in 4
2.5million

Question 30

A voluntary rationing scheme introduced but was a failure- food prices continued to rise. Food queues got longer

Answer 30

November 1917

Question 31

Parliament agreed to give all women over __ who were householders the right to vote in general elections

Answer 31

1917, December, 30

Question 32

Compulsory rationing scheme introduced in London and Southern Britain with stiff penalties for offenders

Answer 32

25th Feb 1918

Question 33

Rationing of meat butter and cheese extended to entire country

Answer 33

April 1918

Question 34

At __th hour of __th day of the __th month of __ the Armistice was signed - THE WAR WAS OFFICIALLY OVER

Answer 34

11, 1918

Question 35

General election held in Britain Women over 30 voted for the first time

Answer 35

14th December 1918