Nazi culture

Question 1

what was Gleichschaltung, how did this influence Nazi views on culture?

Answer 1

coordination, wanted tight control over culture

Question 2

what did Nazis do to unacceptable culture, why did they tell Germans they did this?

Answer 2

censored and banned
Germans culture bearers, this unacceptable culture led them astray

Question 3

when was the mass book burning of ‘unsound’ books, how many books were burned?

Answer 3

10th May 1933, 25,000 books

Question 4

what type of books were burned at mass book burnings?

Answer 4

foreign authors, Jewish authors, black authors, communists etc etc

Question 5

what types of art, music and theatre were censored?

Answer 5

those by unacceptable people, those with an unacceptable style and those that were intellectual

Question 6

when was the Reich Chamber of Culture (RKK) set up?

Answer 6

22nd Sept 1933

Question 7

what did the RKK do?

Answer 7

controlled all creative arts, bring right sort of nationalistic, realistic and traditional art to all people, promote right sort of message

Question 8

what did Nazi culture idealise?

Answer 8

the simple, rural life and the simple healthy farmer

Question 9

how were Strength through joy trips used to show acceptable culture?

Answer 9

trips to theatre, opera, museums etc, showed people acceptable art, educated people on art they should despise, degenerate art exhibitions

Question 10

why was sport encouraged?

Answer 10

produce healthy nation, strong, physically perfect Aryans

Question 11

how were the 1936 Olympics used?

Answer 11

used to show of German sporting abilities, won 89 medals

Question 12

how was the calendar of festivals and holidays rearranged?

Answer 12

rearranged around important dates in Nazi history, speeches and rallies brought people together

Question 13

why were huge building projects created?

Answer 13

created work and gave impression Third Reich powerful and established

Question 14

how did culture link with race and Nazi history?

Answer 14

believed Aryan people were culture bearers and creators, it was their mission to create profound and wonderful culture

Question 15

how did Hitler’s Berlin masterplan, architectural plan represent the new Germany?

Answer 15

Reichstag symbolised german people
new Fuhrer palace would symbolise Hitlers rule
new military high command building represent importance of armed forces
central roads widened to allow military parades

Question 16

how did the Nuremberg Congress hall reflect classical architecture?

Answer 16

inspired by Roman colosseum, granite exterior, massive scale symbolised power and strength

Question 17

what decree did Frick minister of interior issue regarding art?

Answer 17

any art that did not reflect German values and themes would not be displayed in official galleries and could be destroyed

Question 18

what were the key themes in Nazi art?

Answer 18

muscular men, largely or wholly naked engaging in intense physical activities

Question 19

how did the Nazis use film?

Answer 19

as propaganda, promoted Nazi ideology or showed Nazi successes/history

Question 20

who was Leni Riefenstahl and what did she do?

Answer 20

film maker, created series of documentaries for Nazis,

Olympia - about olympics, represented Germany as rebirth of ancient Greek and roman civilisation
The triumph of the will - film about 1934 Nazi party congress, groundbreaking techniques to present Hitler as god-like saviour

Question 21

how did Goebbels approach film?

Answer 21

used dramatic stories that contained a subtle Nazi message, used them as propaganda sneakily

Question 22

what was Nazi culture fundamentally based on?

Answer 22

ideology

Question 23

whilst culture was generally accepted and people conformed, what kinds of groups opposed Nazi culture?

Answer 23

youth groups
Swing Youth- opposed censorship of music, listened to jazz
Edelweiss pirates- long hair, American clothes, anti-Nazi slogans, long hikes