Navigation 2/4

Question 1

What calculations do you need to make before a cross country trip?

Answer 1

Time, speed, distance, fuel required

Question 2

Calculation for time of flight?

Answer 2

Distance/ground speed

Question 3

Calculate time of flight: 210nm @ AGS of 140kts

Answer 3

210/140 = 1.5 hours = 1 hr 30 minutes

Question 4

Distance flown in a given time

Answer 4

AGS * time = distance in nautical miles

Question 5

Calculate AGS using distance flown & time required

Answer 5

Distance flown/time required = AGS

270nm in 3 hours = 270/3 = 90kts

Question 6

What is 1 knot

Answer 6

1 nautical mile per hour (nmph)

Question 7

How many feet in a nautical mile?

Answer 7

6076.1ft

Question 8

How many feet in a statute mile?

Answer 8

5280 feet

Question 9

Convert knots to miles

Answer 9

Knots * 1.15 = mph

Question 10

Calculate quantity of fuel required for 400nm at an GS of 100kts. @ 5gal/hour

Answer 10

Time in flight * rate of consumption = quantity of fuel required

4 hours * 100kts = 400nm

4*5 = 20gal

Question 11

What are factors that influence rate of fuel consumption

Answer 11

Condition of the engine, propeller & rotor pitch, propeller/rotor rpms, richness of the mixture, % of horsepower used for flight at cruising speed.

Question 12

Approximate fuel consumption rate can be found where?

Answer 12

Cruise performance charts in POH or from experience

Question 13

What is a plotter used for?

Answer 13

It is a protractor and ruler. You can use it when determining true course and measuring distance.

Question 14

Define pilotage

Answer 14

Navigation by reference to landmarks to visual checkpoints. A method of navigation that can be used on any course that has adequate checkpoints but it is more commonly used in conjunction with dead reckoning and VFR radio navigation. The checkpoint selected should be prominent features common to the area of flight.

Question 15

Describe common checkpoints used for pilotage. What features can be used as defining brackets around the course?

Answer 15

Roads, rivers, railroads, lakes, power lines. Features could be highways, rivers, railroads, and mountains

Question 16

What is the scale for a sectional chart?

Answer 16

1 inch = 8 statute miles or 6.86 nautical miles

Question 17

Never approach antennas less than ___ft above the tallest one

Answer 17

500ft

Question 18

What is dead reckoning? What products are derived from what variables?

Answer 18

Navigation solely by means of computations based on time, airspeed, distance, and direction. Products derived from these variables when adjusted by wind speed and velocity are heading and ground speed

Question 19

In dead reckoning, what does the calculated heading and ground speed establish?

Answer 19

Calculated heading takes the aircraft along the desired true course. Ground speed establishes the time required to arrive at each checkpoint and the destination

Question 20

When is dead reckoning used?

Answer 20

It is usually used with pilotage for cross country flying, except over water.

Question 21

What do you do with heading and GS as calculated during dead reckoning?

Answer 21

Pilot constantly monitors these and corrects them by pilotage as observed from checkpoints

Question 22

What does title 14 of the code of federal regulations part 91 state about flight planning?

Answer 22

Before beginning a flight, the pilot in command of an aircraft shall become familiar with all available information concerning that flight. For flights not in the vicinity of an airport, this information includes info on:

• available current weather reports and forecasts
• alternate airports available
• known traffic delays of which the pilot of command has been advised by ATC

Question 23

What material does title 14 state the pilot needs?

Answer 23

• An appropriate current sectional chart, along with charts for areas adjoining the flight route if route of flight is near boarder of a chart
• Flight computer or electronic calculator
• Plotter
• Any other item appropriate to the particular flight (ie flashlight if it is night flight, water if over a desert)

Question 24

What should you do before proceeding with flight planning?

Answer 24

Weather check to see if flight is feasible and which route is best.