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Aviation > NAVIGATION > Flashcards

NAVIGATION Flashcards

1
Q

How are angles measured?

A

Degrees, minutes and seconds,

OR

Degrees, minutes, and tenths of a minute

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2
Q

Which coordinate is given first?

A

The north south coordinate is always provided first

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3
Q

Define longitude

A

What is the angle at the centre of a planet between two planes. One of them is the prime meridian.

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4
Q

Latitude

A

The angle between the plane of the equator and the line connecting the point in question to the planets rotational axis

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5
Q

Meridians of longitude

A

I’m radian is half of a great circle which joins the polls and as such is a line of constant longitude

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6
Q

Parallels of latitude

A

Parallels of latitude are circles with run parallel to the equator. Parallels of latitude, with the exception of the equator, are all small circles

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7
Q

A great circle

A

A Circle who centre and diameter is the same as that of the earth.

A great circle between two points on the surface of the earth will be the shortest distance between those two points

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8
Q

Small circle

A

Small circle is a circle on the surface of the earth centre in diameter is not the same as that of the earth

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9
Q

A rhumb line

A

A Rhumb line is a line of constant direction. Across all meridians at the same angle.

Parallels of latitude our Rhumb lines

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10
Q

Variation

A

The difference between true and magnetic north at a given point on the earth surface

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11
Q

Deviation

A

The difference between the compass indications when it’s installed in the aircraft compared to the indications when I compass is outside of the aircraft.

The difference is caused by the influence of The Magnetic Fields due to the electronic equipment and the metal of the aircraft

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12
Q

What is one nautical mile equivalent to?

A

One minute of latitude

6000 feet

1.15 statute miles

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13
Q

One US gallon of fuel is how many litres and how many pounds?

A

3.77 L, and 6 pounds

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14
Q

How much does a gallon and a litre of oil weigh

A

7 1/2 pounds, and 1 L weighs approximately 1.95 pounds

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15
Q

How many kilopascals is 1 pound per square inch?

A

6.9 kPa

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16
Q

How many nautical miles am I travelling per minute if I am flying at 60, 90, or 120 kn?

A

1 at 60, 1.5 at 90 kts, 2 at 120 kts

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17
Q

Chart symbols

A

Know them all!

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18
Q

The Agonic Line

A

This is the line on a map which has zero variation between magnetic north and true north.

Currently, in Canada, the agonic line is east of Kenora Ontario and west of Red Lake Ontario

19
Q

Isogonic Lines

A

These are map lines of equal magnetic variation.

20
Q

Explain what happens to variation values that are east of the agonic line

A

These variation values are called Westerly variation. The magnetic north is west of true north.

21
Q

Describe variation values west of the agonic line

A

These variations are called easterly variation meaning of magnetic north is east of true North

22
Q

What should you remember when converting from true to magnetic north?

A

East is least

West is best

So when the map indicates an easterly variation, then subtract it from the true course to get the magnetic course.

If the map indicates a Westerly variation, then add it to the true course to obtain the magnetic course

23
Q

Define compass swinging

A

Performed annually by an aircraft mechanic they park the plane on a compass rose and rotated 30° continuously monitoring the difference between what the compass is showing and true north.

24
Q

Northerly turning error -

What happens when turning towards or from the north?

A

The compass will initially rotate in the opposite direction of the turn and then will lag the turn by at most 30°

25
Q

Northerly turning error – what happens with a turn towards or from the south?

A

The compass woman initially rotate ahead of the turn and lead the turn by at most 30°

26
Q

Northerly turning error – what happens with turns from the east and west quadrants?

A

The northerly turning error affects our greatest going north or south.

Turns near east and west headings match the Compass because the leading and lagging affects cancel each other out

27
Q

Northerly turning error

A

North lags and south leads

28
Q

Northerly turning error cause

A

Northerly turning error is caused by magnetic Dip

29
Q

Describe compass acceleration and deceleration errors

A

Magnetic dip is the cause of the error. It causes magnetic dip and only happens when flying east or west.

Accelerating the aircraft causes the compass to register return to the north

Decelerating the aircraft will cause the compass to register a turn to the south

30
Q

EWANDS

A

East and west heading – acceleration North deceleration South

31
Q

Best practice for checking the heading indicator against the campus during flight

A

Wings level / constant airspeed

32
Q

Deviation is the difference between

A

Magnetic heading and compass heading

33
Q

When converting True to Magnetic

A

East is least (subtract), west is best (add)

OPPOSITE FOR M to T

34
Q

To convert true heading into magnetic heading when flying west of the agonic line

A

Subtract variation from the true to obtain magnetic heading

35
Q

1 inch on ABC is equivalent to how many statute miles?

A

1” = 8 SM

36
Q

A straight line drawn on a VNC is…

A

A great circle route

37
Q

A straight line on a VFR terminal area chart (VTA) is a

A

Rhumb line

38
Q

LO chart is valid for

A

56 days

39
Q

In the CFS, runway headings are given in

A

True

40
Q

Time and relation to longitude

A

24 hours
360° longitude

1 hour
15° longitude

1 minute
15’ longitude

1 second = 15” longitude

41
Q

Canada is (east or west) of prime meridian?

A

West

42
Q

Degrees off track formula

A

Distance off track / distance flown x 60

43
Q

Crushing Altitude and direction is based on

A

Magnetic Track over 3,000’ AGL
0-179 odd + 500
180 - 359 even + 500

Aviation (22 decks)

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