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EASA Navigation > NAVAIDS > Flashcards

NAVAIDS Flashcards

1
Q

VDF

A

VHF direction finding

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2
Q

What is VDF?

A

Requesting ATC to provide you with magnetic bearing to the station. (QDM). They detect the direction the VHF radio is coming form

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3
Q

Another name for radar

A

Surveillance radar

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4
Q

Is radar services confined only to controlled airspaces?

A

No, there’s LARS (lower airspace radar advisory service)

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5
Q

Secondary survellience radar name?

A

Transponder

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6
Q

SRA

A

Survellience radar approach

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7
Q

Radar vectoring

A

When a radar controller passes heading steering to pilot

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8
Q

Radar definition

A

Detection of the reflected radio waves being sent from a specific direciton and received by the same direction

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9
Q

Speed of electromagnetic energy

A

speed of light, 300,000km per second (162,000nm)

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10
Q

How does radar know the distance from an object?

A

By measuring how long after the reflected echo returns

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11
Q

Radar shadows

A

Parts that radar cannot reach due to terrain, buildings, and curvatore of earth

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12
Q

Primary radar

A

Radar the makes use of reflected energy. Used for: survellience radar, and PAR (precision approach radar)

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13
Q

Disadvantages of primary radar

A
  • Clutter from percipitation and high ground
    -Uneven returns from different aircrafts
    -Blind spots
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14
Q

Due to the disadvantages, what radar can be equipped with?

A

MTI, Moving target indicator
Which filters and shows only moving objects

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15
Q

What position should the transponder be while taxing

A

STANDBY

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16
Q

What position hould the transponder be before takeoff

A

ON

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17
Q

For switching squawks that pass through emergency squawks (remember the selector is a knob) what should you do?

A

switch to standby first

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18
Q

Mode A, C, and S

A

Mode a - positon report
mode c - position and altitude
mode s - contains a unique 24-bit aircraft code

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19
Q

Mode S two stages

A

ELS - elementary survelience
EHS - Enhanded “

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20
Q

ELS

A
  • identity
  • ground / air
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21
Q

EHS -

A
  • selected altitude entered to FMS
  • Roll and tack angle
  • GS
  • M°
  • IAS
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22
Q

ADS-B ABBR.

A

Automatic dependent survellience

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23
Q

What is ADS-B

A

Broadcast info from the aircraft. Not interperted by ground services.

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24
Q

What is code 0030

A

FIR lost code

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25
Q

Listening squawk

A

When operating close to controlled airspace

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26
Q

GPS, how many satellites required to fix a position with altitude?

A

4

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27
Q

GPS, how many satellites required to fix only a position?

A

3

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28
Q

VOR abbr

A

Very high freq. omni-directional radio

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29
Q

VHF abbr.

A

Very high freq.

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30
Q

VOR Frequencies

A

108.00 - 117.95 MHZ

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31
Q

DME

A

DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIP.

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32
Q

VOR purposes

A
  • orienation and position fixing
  • tracking to or from a vor
  • holding
  • instrumente approaches to land
33
Q

VOR Range formula

A

root(1.5 * alt)

34
Q

The VOR ground station trasmits two VHF radio signals:

A
  1. The reference phase (omni-directional: the same in all direction)
  2. Variable phase - rotates
35
Q

Should you apply WAC to VOR signals?

A

yes

36
Q

What is a VOR radial

A

Each of the 360 VOR tracks is called a radial

37
Q

VOR Radial better definition

A

A radial is the magntic beaing outbound FROM a VOR

38
Q

QDR

A

VOR Radial (FROM)

39
Q

VOR DOC

A

Designated operational Coverage

40
Q

OBI

A

Omni breaing indiactor (which is the whole VOR equipment display)

41
Q

OBS

A

Omni bearing selector

42
Q

CDI

A

Course deviation indiactor

43
Q

The OBI is only to be used in anvigation if:

A
  • The red OFF warning is hidden from view
  • The corect morse code ident is heard
44
Q

How much each dot of angular deviation in OBI represents?
How many dots there are?
if CDI is at the edge of these dots, that means the track is X° degrees or more from the desired track

A

2° off-track,
5 points each side,
10° degrees or more

45
Q

QDR opposite

A

QDM

46
Q

Is the VOR heading sensitive?

A

No! You could be of heading 360, while you are on “course” of 350 and the CDI will still be centered. Imagine the radio wave

47
Q

bracketing

A

Acheving a suitable WCA with VOR

48
Q

Revisit VOR in pooleys books

A

ok

49
Q

DME

A

Distance measuring equipment

50
Q

Slant distance

A

The distance directly from the point of the aircraft towards the DME. Like a triangle. Its not a range

51
Q

If DME gives slant distance, how will the range differ

A

Slightly less than the distance

52
Q

Which frequency does DME operats

A

UHF

53
Q

Max. nubmer of aircraft that DME can operate simultanesouly

A

100

54
Q

NDB

A

Non-directional beacon

55
Q

ADF

A

Automatic direciton finder

56
Q

NDB vs ADF

A

NDB is the ground station, ADF is its companion on the aircraft

57
Q

ADF choosing proecedure

A
  1. select
  2. check ident
  3. ADFing (verifying needle in TEST mode and see that it turns back to the direction needed)
58
Q

RBI

A

Relative bearing indicator

59
Q

RBI meaning

A

A fixed card display that has a rotating ADF needle

60
Q

RBI shows what?

A

A RELATIVE BEARING. If you fly on 310°M towards an NDB, the RBI will be 0°.

61
Q

QDM

A

The magnetic bearing of the NDB from the aeroplane.
E.g.: MH 280
RB 030
QDM = 310

62
Q

QDR

A

the magnetic bearing OF THE AIRCRAFT from the NDB

63
Q

QDM 310, QDR?

A

130

64
Q

Rule of thumb of converting 360° degrees to the opposite

A

< 180°? add 200, subtract 20
> 180°? subtract 200, add 20

65
Q

Rotateable card ADF

A

Can be rotated to display QDM

66
Q

RMI abbr.

A

Radio magnetic indicator

67
Q

RMI meaning

A

It is a rotateable ADF card that adjusts iteself automatically

68
Q

What shoudl you consider when using NDB?

A

Drift angle

69
Q

Bracketing track

A

The actual track made good using NDB by doing minor corrections (bracketing)

70
Q

If found out 10 degrees left away from desired track using NDB, how much right turn should u do to return to track?

A

20 degrees

71
Q

Which frequency does NDB operate in

A

LF/MF

72
Q

homing

A

Setting the QBM and continously adjusting for wind. Not recommended. It makes the route longer

73
Q

VDF

A

VHF Direction Finding

74
Q

VDF meaning

A

Ground stations can detect the direction which a VHF-COM signal is coming from

75
Q

QTE

A

TRUE bearing FROM the station

76
Q

Class B VDF accr.

A

+-5

77
Q

Class C VDF accr.

A

+-10

78
Q

VDF acuuracy decrased by:

A
  • Reflections from neraby uneven ground, builds, aircraft..
  • PROPAGATIOn over different terrain
79
Q

What is datum QDM

A

It means that the QDM is aligned with the desired track

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