Nature and Variety of Living Organisms

Question 1

What do all living organisms do?

Answer 1

Move
Respire
Sensitivity
Control
Growth
Reproduce
Excrete 
Nutrition

Question 2

What are the five kingdoms of classification?

Answer 2

Animals
Plants
Fungi
Bacteria
Protoctists 
(Viruses- not counted as they do not carry out all life processes)

Question 3

What are the features of plants? E.g. Pea or maize

Answer 3

Multicellular 
Can carry out photosynthesis
Contain chloroplasts 
Cell walls made of cellulose
Stop carbohydrates as starch or sucrose

Question 4

Features of animals (e.g. Humans or rats)

Answer 4

Multicellular
Do not have chloroplasts (can't photosynthesise)
No cell walls (we have skeletons) 
Usually have a nervous coordination 
Able to move from one place to another 
Often store carbohydrates as glycogen

Question 5

Features of fungi (e..g yeast (sc) or mucor (mc) )

Answer 5

Not able to photosynthesise
Body is arranged in a mycelium, which have thread like structures called hyphae (full of nuclei)
Some singled celled
Cell wall made of chitin 
Saprotrophic nutrition 
May store carbs as glycogen

Question 6

Feature of bacteria (e.g. Lactobacillus bulgaricus or pneumococcus)

Answer 6

Microscopic single celled organisms
Have cell walls, membranes, cytoplasms and PLASMIDS.
no nucleus but circular chromosome of DNA
Some carry out photosynthesis but some feed of dead or living organisms

Question 7

Features of protoctists

E.g. Plasmodium= malaria

Answer 7

Microscopic single celled organisms

Some like animals and som are like plants…(have chloroplasts sometimes)

Question 8

Viruses (e.g. HIV)

Answer 8

Small particles (smaller than bacteria)
Parasitic and can only reproduce inside other living cells
Infects every type of organism
No cellular structure 
Have protein coats containing DNA or RNA

Question 9

What are pathogens

Answer 9

Disease causing microbes. They may be fungi, bacteria, protoctists or viruses.