natural selection and mod

Question 1

decribe how all animals having pentidactal limb show evidence for evolution

Answer 1

they all have similar bone structure
suggesting common ancestor
each animal sturcture adapted to its function

Question 2

Explain how a gene can be inserted into a plasmid.

Answer 2

cut plasmid with restriction enzyme
insert gene into plasmid using ligase
gene and plasmid have complementary sticky ends

Question 3

benefits and risks of producing painkillers from genetically modified yeast cells rather than extracting the painkillers from poppies.

Answer 3

pro
quicker to produce
cheaper

con
may not be as effective

Question 4

how scientists would produce a genetically modified bacterium that produces penicillin.

Answer 4

use ligase to join DNA molecules together
cut the gene from the genome of fungus and extract plasmid from bacteria
insert the recombinant plasmid back in bacteria