astronamy Flashcards
Herschel is a suitable name for an infrared telescope because
he discovered infrared radiation
explain why the distance from the distance between the moon and Hubble telescope changes
one moves faster than the other and overtakes it
describe what is meant by big bang theory
universe tiny and hot and explodes causing the expansion of universe
A refracting telescope uses a converging lens to form an image of a distant
object.
Describe how a reflecting telescope forms an image of a distant object.
a mirror
which is converging
State what the eyepiece of a telescope is intended to do to the image
magnify it
Describe the evidence both for the geocentric model and against the geocentric
model.
evidence for
sun moon stars and planets move across the sky in same direction
everyday
evidence against
planets dont move in a simple path
movement of sun isnt same everyday
moons of jupiter appear to orbit jupiter
describe the formation of star from nebula to main sequence
gravity causes the neubula to collapse causing the temp to increase pulling the particles together forming a protostar
explain why u would draw a line closer to red to show how the universe is further away
the greater the red shift the further it is moving away
CMBR
cosmic microwave background information
Describe one method they use to search for signs of life on the planet Mars
lander which collects samples like rock and analysis the climate atmosphere and any sign of water
Explain why telescopes that search for planets are not on the Earth’s surface
because of the atmosphere( light pollution)
clouds in the way
not affected by the earths rotation
Describe how the sun reached its main sequence star
In a neubula particles come together by gravity
Ke transferred to thermal energy which forms a protostar
Until hot enough to start nuclear fusion
Why does knowing the age of the oldest star not enough to tell scientisits the age of universe
The universe is older than the oldest star
Stars where formed after the big bang
Explain what red shift is and how it provides evidence that the universe is expanding
Red shift shows galaxy moving away from us
Greater red shift moving away faster and further
All galaxy show red shift
Red shift shows decrease in frequency
Light shifted to red end of spectrum
Decrease in frequency means source moving away from us
Light waves are stretched so wavelength increases
Describe methods scientists have used to help search in our solar system and rest of universe for imtelligent life
In our solar system
Use of telescopes to search for evidence of life(water)
Manned missions
Unmanned missions like landers to recover sample soil
Throughout the universe
SETI
Use radio telescopes
Search for radio signals
Search for other planetary systems
Broadcasting signals
CMB is supported by
The big bang theory
Red shift defi
The change in frequency or wavelength of light
astronomers study distant Galaxy’s they notice changes to the waves they observe
describe the changes to the waves they observe
Wavelent increases
frequency decreases
Describe the message scientists have used to help with this search in our Solar System and the rest of the universe
Telescopes search for evidence of conditions needed for life like water
manned emissions
unmanned missions using Landers
throughout the universe
search for extra terrestrial
intelligence
use of radio telescopes search for radio signals search for other planetary systems discovery of othder planetary systems broadcasting signals
State evidence that astronomers have observed to support the big bang theory for the origin of the universe
Red shift
universe expanding
cmb
Describe the life cycle from birth to death of a star thy similar in mass to our of sun
Nebula
Cloud of dust and gas
Pulled together or collapsed by gravitational forces
Main sequence star
Stable
Nuclear fusion
Huge amounts of heat and light
Millions of years
Gaint
Hydrogen runs out
Star expands
Gets colder
Outward forces decrease
Uses up all helium
White dwarf
Eventually collapses
Due to own gravity
Becomes smaller and dense
Black dwarf
What is a supernova
The explosion for a massive star
Explain how using different telescopes gives us us a better understanding of the universe
Ovary of objects not detectable by visible light
More information can be collected
Different electromagnetic waste can give differentypes of information
Magnified images
Produce Clearer images unaffected by Earth’s atmosphere
The spitzer telescope stays behind the earth to hide from the sun
Why
Spitzer uses infrared
Imfrared is heat
Small amounts of infrared wont be detected if sun in the way
Why do they use light years
Stars so distant so large unit needed
Describe benefit of using tele scope in space
No light pollution
No dust pollution
Above the clouds so no weather
Describe how tele scope helped us undertsand universe
Collects more info/waves
Greater magnification
Other regions of em spectrum used
Why are radio telescopes placed up high up
1mm waves are in the microwave region
Which is absorbed by atmosphere
Space flight eneabled to be put above atmosphere
Why did scientists had to wait until development of space flight before they could study radiation
Light might be shifted into infrared region
Infrared is absorbed by atmosphere
describe how careful observation of electromagnetic of electromagnetic radiation from distant Galaxy’s as well as from the whole of space gave evidence support in the big Bang theory
Visible light led to discovery of red shift
Galaxy moving away
CMBR detected in radio telescopes
Big bang explain red shift but steady state doesnt
Red shift lower frequency longer wavelength
Greatest for most distant galaxies
Why telescopes help us undertand universe
Improved quality
More info
Detection of waves that are not visible
Technology helos us collect more data (reflecting telescope)
Explain why at the time geocentric was valid
No telescope
Indicated sun move across the sly everyday
How do light waves enable us to see venus
Sun to venus to earth
What did galileo use his telescope to observe about jupiter
The moons which support heliocentric
How reflecting telescope is different from normal one galileo used
Ref has mirrors
G has only lenses
Why have we landed on the moon but not mars
Mars is further away
Explain why the has and dust come together to form a hot object
Pulled together by gravity
Ke turns into thermal
Type of radiation that can reach the surface of earth from stars
Radio
Visible
Micro
Type of radiation from stars that cant be detected from earth but can by staelites
X ray
Gamma ray
Scientist use methods for life beyond earth
State problems
Method
Space probe
Seti
Soil experiment
Telescope
Problem
Expensive
To long to communicate
Large distances
Explain how the balance between thermal expansion and
gravity affects the life cycle of stars
Gravity acts to pull the star in on itself and crush it, the heat acts to expand the gas cloud that makes up the star.
Explain how the discovery of the CMB radiation led to the Big
Bang theory becoming the currently accepted model
the universe should be filled with radiation that is literally the remnant heat left over from the Big Bang
Explain how, for a stable orbit, the radius must change if
orbital speed changes
order to change orbital speed, in order to change orbital speed, an object must change the radius of its orbit at the same time, to maintain a stable orbit.
Big bang theory
Explain how it shows
The universe is expanding
Universe began at single point
Expansion
Red shift
Light from.distant galaxy
Shifted to red side of spectrum
Wavelength is longer
Doppler effect cahnge in frequency and wavelength
Begin at point
Cmbr
Microwave radiation left
Detected all over the sky
Microwaves because of cooling
