Natural selection and genetic modification

Question 1

Ardi

Answer 1

4.4 million year old human

Question 2

Binomial system

Answer 2

A way of naming organisms using 2 Latin words

Question 3

Lucy

Answer 3

3.2 million year old human

Question 4

Competition

Answer 4

The act of competing for things to live

Question 5

Genetic variation

Answer 5

Genes passed on through reproduction

Question 6

Natural selection

Answer 6

Survival of the fittest, depending on strong genes

Question 7

Resistant

Answer 7

Less affected by something

Question 8

Classification

Answer 8

Sorting things into groups

Question 9

Domain

Answer 9

The three main groups organisms are sorted into:
-archaea
-bacteria
-eukarya

Question 10

Genus

Answer 10

A group of similar organisms

Question 11

Kingdoms

Answer 11

The five kingdoms which organisms are divided into:
-plants
-animals
-fungi
-protists
-prokaryotes

Question 12

Artificial selection

Answer 12

When PEOPLE choose organisms with certain characteristics and use only those ones for breeding

Question 13

Disease resistance

Answer 13

Less affected by certain diseases

Question 14

Genetic engineering

Answer 14

Altering the genome of an organisms often by adding genes from other species

Question 15

Genom

Answer 15

All the DNA in an organism. Each body cell contains a copy of the genome

Question 16

GMO

Answer 16

Short for “genectically modified organism”

Question 17

Selective breeding

Answer 17

The process of humans choosing certain animals to breed together for a certain characteristic to be obvious

Question 18

Variety

Answer 18

Group of plants of the same species that have characteristics that make them different to other members of the species

Question 19

Yield

Answer 19

The amount of product of something

Question 20

Allele

Answer 20

Genes which come in different versions, called alleles

Question 21

Base

Answer 21

The 4 bases that help make up DNA. They are often shown as the letters: A, C, G and T. Pairs of the bases link together

Question 22

Insulin

Answer 22

The hormone that descrease blood glucose concentration. Used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes

Question 23

Ligand

Answer 23

An enzyme that joins two DNA molecules together

Question 24

Plasmid

Answer 24

A small loop of DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacteria

Question 25

Recombinant DNA

Answer 25

DNA made by joining two editions of DNA together

Question 26

Restriction enzyme

Answer 26

An enzyme that cuts DNA molecules into pieces

Question 27

Sticky ends

Answer 27

A short section of single-stranded DNA found at the end of a section of DNA that has been cut by a restriction enzyme

Question 28

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 28

Type of diabetes in which the pancreas does no produce insulin

Question 29

Vector

Answer 29

Anything that transfers arterial form one organism to another