Native American rights - responsibility Flashcards
What is the Meriam report ?
1928
- outlined the conditions in which the Native Americans lived.
- This encouraged change, leading to the Rhoads reforms and the New Deal reforms.
What are the Rhoads reforms (1929)?
(1929)
- ended off-reservation boarding schools.
They were replaced by better schools on the reservations (e.g Carlisle) - There were also to be improvements in medical facilities.
What did the NCAI do?
pressured gov to establish the Indian Claims Commission.
What is the NIYC?
Native Indian Youth Council (1961).
In 1964 hundreds of them gathered in Washington as part of Johnson’s war on poverty.
What is AIM?
American Indian movement 1968
- Inspired by Black Power, they were more militant and established the American Indian movement 1968, and red power.
- Many of the tactics inspired by Malcolm X.
What did AIM do?
They established a group to patrol the streets and monitor police activities, which resulted in a decline in the number of arrests and imprisonment of young Native Americans.
use of media by natives 1968-75?
Made Americans aware of their culture and problems:
- Vine Deloria ‘Custer died for your sins’ (1969)
- Dee Browns ‘Bury my heart at wounded knee’ (1970)
What is the Siege of Alcatraz 1969 ?
1969
The island had previously belonged to the Ohlone Indians.
Richard Oakes, Mohawk tribe, led it, and they offered $24 in beads and cloth, the original price paid to them.
What are the achievements of the alkatraz siege? (1969)
- The worldwide media coverage made many aware of the conditions
- 10,000 visiting the island.
- It brought them together and united them.
There was an increased awareness of the need for solidarity if they were to achieve national sovereignty.
What is the occupation of Wounded Knee 1973?
- The site of the Sioux Massacre of 1890
- The occupation lasted 71 days, with violence and resistance.
Lone wolf v. Hitchcock (1903)
(1903) gave fed gov the ability to overrule any tribal laws
