Nationalities

Question 1

Which countries were given lasting independence by Lenin in 1918

Answer 1

Poland, Finland, Baltics

Question 2

When were Poland, Finland and the Baltics recognised as independent by the RSFSR

Answer 2

1920

Question 3

Which country was given independence in 1918 and then retaken by 1921

Answer 3

Ukraine - retaken by the Red Army by 1921 - turned into constituent part of USSR in 1922 (Ukrainian SSR)

Question 4

What countries/nationalities did Stalin retake/annex in 1939

Answer 4

Poland (half) and the Baltics

Question 5

What did Nicholas II do in 1907

Answer 5

Changed Duma election rules - marginalised Ukrainians, Poles and Jews - banned Muslims completely

Question 6

A2’s reforms in Finland

Answer 6

Diet 1863, Own constitution 1865, Foundations for Finnish Army 1878, Special position in Russian Empire

Question 7

When was the Polish Uprising under A2

Answer 7

1863

Question 8

When was Poland renamed the Vistula provinces

Answer 8

1866

Question 9

A3 cultural limitations on the Jews

Answer 9

1400 different statutes regulated Jewish life

Question 10

Countries Russified by A3 and N2

Answer 10

Ukraine, Poland, Baltics,

Question 11

Stalin’s mass deportations - gulags and special settlements

Answer 11

500,000 from the Baltics to special settlements in Kazakhstan and Siberia, 390,000 Poles to Gulags post WW2,
Nearly 500,000 Chechens and Ingush (Caucuses) deported during WW2, 600,000 Hungarians sent to labour camps in WW2

Question 12

Stalin repression of Ukraine

Answer 12

Revolts in 1929-30 against Collectivisation - Stalin started grain requisitioning in 1930 - triggered a famine 1932-3 - killed nearly 7 million

Question 13

How did Stalin Russify Ukraine

Answer 13

Campaign against nationalist deviation, assault on the Ukrainian language and education
Liquified Catholic church in 1951

Question 14

What did Stalin do to Muslim freedoms in Central/East Asia and the Causasus

Answer 14

Mosques shut down or turned into warehouses, Muslim clerics were arrested or executed and religious schools closed

Question 15

How did Stalin take political control of E Europe and what countries

Answer 15

Rigged Czechoslovakian elections and then placed them under close control of Moscow, Soviet troops remained in Hungary after WW2. East Germany made sure of communist government

Question 16

Where did Stalin fail to assert Soviet influence

Answer 16

Yugoslavia - achieved a communist government but Tito allowed to come to power who was anti-Stalinist

Question 17

How did Stalin treat the Jews

Answer 17

Limitations placed on Jewish religion, school, societies and publications - especially post WW2 1948-53 they saw huge restrictions on culture and lives

Question 18

What freedoms were Poland allowed after Golmulka made head of govt

Answer 18

could leave collectives, catholic church in schools, increased national identity and some Polish language

Question 19

What did K do with Ukraine

Answer 19

more political autonomy over administration, judicial and economic matters
but continued russification with Ukrainian language banned in schools

Question 20

What did K do with Jews

Answer 20

limited change - reintegrated them into society with less paranoid attacks but practice of Judaism was banned

Question 21

How was repression under Stalin reversed by K

Answer 21

allowed for return of deported people to C Asia, Baltics etc.
And used diplomatic approach with Poland

Question 22

How was repression continued by K

Answer 22

Hungary - 30,000 Russian troops sent in to stop Hungarian rising 1956 - 1000s killed including head of govt Nagy