Nationalism (ch 25) Flashcards
Ausgleigh (1867)
Refers to the compromise of 1867 which created the dual monarchy of Austria and Hungary
Alexander II (1855-1881)
Emperor of Russia
Advocated moderate reforms for Russia
Emancipated the serfs
Assassinated
“Blood and Iron”
Refers to Prussian tactics brought about by Otto Von Bismark
His unification of Germany was through a policy of “blood and iron”
Bundesrat
The federal council of Austrian government
Count Camillo Cavour
Endorsed the economic doctrines of the middle class. Worked for a secret alliance with Napoleon III against Austria. Worked to unite Italy
Carbonara
A secret society designated to overthrow Bonapartist rulers. They were liberal patriots
Carlsbad Decrees (1819)
It discouraged liberal teachings in southern Germany. Censorship imposed by Metternich
Constitutional monarchy
Monarch rules with limitations by the constitution. Written or unwritten
Ems Dispatch
A message from William I of Prussia to Napoleon III which brought France into the Franco Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)
War between France and Prussia Seen as German victory Seen as struggle of Darwinism Led to Prussia being the most powerful european nation Instigated Bismark France seen as the aggressor
Frankfurt Assembly (1807-1882)
Personified the romantic revolutionary nationalism
Attempted to unify Germany
Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-1882)
An Italian radical who emerged as a powerful independent force in Italian politics. He planned to liberate the Two Kingdoms of Sicily
Louis Kossuth
Leader of the Hungarians
Demanded national autonomy with full liberties and universal suffrage in 1848
Leopold II (1865-1909)
King of Belgium
Sent Henry Stanley to Africa
Liberalism
The base ideas of liberty and equality
Magyars
In 1867 the Hungarian nobility restored the constitution of 1848 and used it to dominate both the Magyar peasantry and the minority population
Giuseppe Mazzini
Italy idealistic patriot
Preached a centralized democratic republic based on universal suffrage and the will of the people
Nationalism
Pride in one’s nation, group, or traditions
A desire for independence
Napoleon III
Original Napoleon’s nephew
Consolidated conservative government and the ideals of nationalism
Panslavism
A movement to promote the independence of Slav people. Roughly started with the Congress in Prague. Supported by Russia. Led to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877
Realpolitik
Political theory
Advocated by Bismark
That national success justifies any means possible
Very Machiavellian
Red Shirts
Volunteers in Garibaldi’s army
Reichstag
Popularly elected parliament in Germany. Very little power
Syllabus of Errors (1864)
Pope Pius IX denounced rationalism, socialism, and separation of church and state
Treaty of Frankfurt
The end of the Franco-Prussian War. Alsace and Lorraine given to Germany
Otto von Bismark (1815-1898)
Prussian chancellor who engineered the unification of Germany under his rule
Zollverein
Economic custom union of German states. Founded in 1818 by Prussia. Eliminated internal tariffs
Risorgimento
Italian period of history from 1815 to 1850
Grossdeutsch
Great German Party at the Frankfurt Assembly. “Big Germans”
Kleindeutsch
Little German Party at the Frankfurt Assembly. “Little Germans”
Volksgeist
Idea created by JG Herder to identify the national character of Germany, but soon passed to other countries
