Nationalism and “Political Islam” Flashcards
According to Anthony Smith, nationalism is an ideological movement for attaining and maintaining ________, ________, and ________ on behalf of a population deemed by some to constitute an actual or potential nation.
Autonomy, unity, identity
National identity is related to nationalism but is often politically ________, especially in diasporic communities.
Dormant
Nationalism often mobilizes people politically by naming an “other” who can be blamed for not upholding the nation’s ________, ________, or ________.
Values, interests, security
Political Islam refers to religious-based political movements that challenge or undermine ________ political and state institutions.
Secular
The emergence of nation-states after the collapse of the ________ led to the fusion of nation and religion in Muslim-majority countries.
Ottoman Empire
Modern religious nationalism was influenced by Western concepts, with Islamic institutions being ________ by newly formed nation-states.
Nationalized
Cesari describes “hegemonic Islam” as when state institutions, including the legal system, education, and government ministries, become ________.
Religious
The emergence of Pan-Islamism was an intellectual and political movement that used the concept of the ________ to challenge Western imperialism.
Ummah (the community)
Pan-Arabism, rooted in a cultural revolution, sought to establish an Arab union, but has largely been eclipsed by ________ movements.
Pan-Islamic
Political Islam challenges fundamental assumptions about religion and politics embedded in Western ________.
Secularism
Political Islam is not just a backlash against modernization but a modern ________ of politics that redefines the relationship between religion and state.
Language
Laicism and Political Islam can be seen as either a reaction against modernity or a threat to the ________.
Public sphere
Policy implications of laicism include excluding ________ language from diplomatic discussions and creating barriers between secularists and moderate Islamist leaders.
Religious
Judeo-Christian secularism sees political Islam as a challenge because it does not privilege the ________ sphere, where religion is private and politics remains public.
Private
n Iran’s Islamic Republic, all laws must be based on ________ criteria, as outlined in the 1979 Constitution.
Islamic
The concept of “Supreme Leader” in Iran is based on the idea of a ________, an unelected religious authority overseeing governance.
Supreme jurist
