Nationalism Flashcards

Question

Conservative nationalists views on the economy

Answer 1

More likely to be protectionist (ant free trade), less likely to support supra national organisations like WTO. Eg, currently some British Conservatives chafe against Paris Climate ‘net zero’ targets because they say they will damage economy. Eg Trump anti China steel tariffs.

Answer 2

As with conservative/cultural only more extreme: Nativism means long standing residents should benefit from economic policy (inspires Brexit) Nazis aimed for autarky economic self sufficiency to keep the nation strong

Answer 3

Sets up 1919 Black Star shipping line between black traders US and Africa, and Negro Factories Association within USA which are unsuccessful short term but provide inspiration for Nyerere African Union ambition to prevent western companies from continuing economic imperialism post 1960s. Nyerere President Tanzania from 1961 builds on Tanzanian pre colonial ‘ujamaa’ tradition that economy should be based on kinship and mutual obligations, not ruthless selfish capitalist free for all, but also rejects the USSR (Russian Communist) model that state should control collectively owned farms, allowing them some freedom

Answer 4

A group of people living in a geographical area who feel they have bonds with each other

Answer 5

A group of people living in a geographical areas who feel they have bonds with each other and have achieved statehood in the sense that they have a central government and at least some recognition from other nations that they are a nation.

Answer 6

Some conservatives/integrals would always have accepted a powerful nation state had the right to rule weaker areas such as both the European empires (Austro-Hungary pre WW1) or in Africa. They are more likely to say small states cannot be economically viable (eg Scotland). Woodrow Wilson, US President during and after WW1 is seen as the founder of ‘national self-determination’ and yet he only applied it to the people in the European empires, not the colonised in Africa and Asia. Therefore anti and post colonial nationalists developed a fuller version of nat self-determination, including spelling out the need for nations to have economic determination after they had been granted independence.

Answer 7

Historically nationalism originally emerged as a liberal revolutionary movement at the end of the 18th century, aiming to liberate populations from the tyranny of unelected monarchies Wilsonian model of liberal nationalism emerged in 20th century to aim for world of liberal democracies; aspiring nation states like Scotland and Kurdistan point to polls, election results, referendums to legitimise their cause and promise they would be democratic once independent Anti and post colonialists have mostly embraced the democracy as a means to liberate themselves from colonial powers and constraints of world dominated by western imperialists/global capitalism eg India is the world’s most populous democracy, Tanzania is still 90/197 in Freedom House’s rankings of democratic nations

Answer 8

Citizens’ loyalty to nation more important tha n their rights; integral nationalists opposition to democracy (plus Garvey) Conservative nationalists like UK conservative gov’t push ‘democratic values’ in citizenship tests and Prevent strategy (to prevent homegrown far right and islamist terrorism) but this is in itself ‘undemocratic’ because encroaches on free speech Some post colonialist states have not stayed democratic eg Tanzania has fallen from a higher ranking (see Yes points), India’s current BJP government violates rights of Muslim minority. Populists like Trump has used nationalism to push anti-democratic message eg Make America Great Again alongside election denial and support for white supremacists

Answer 9

Expansionism and war that results are central to Nazism and fascism; integral nationalism views a willingness to go to war as part of a citizen’s prioritising of the needs of their nation Conservative nationalism desires to promote stability through national pride but has a tendency to spill over into national chauvinism and thus a willingness to colonise and to fight. Anti and post colonialists have advocated violence as a necessary part of their nation’s liberation. Black nationalists have been accused of stoking inter racial hostility.

Answer 10

Liberal nationalism has been promoted as a means to achieve a world of self-determining democracies that will refrain from fighting due to mutual respect for each other’s sovereignty and trade Conservative nationalists promote their ideology as one that encourages social cohesion and stability through national unity. Contented citizens are thought to be less inclined to desire war. Ant and post colonial movements have advocated peace as a means to distance themselves from the violence and war-mongering of western imperialists

Answer 11

It has been claimed that all modern nations are the creation of states and nationalist movements reliant on modern technology and infrastructure Nationalism emerged as a liberal revolutionary movement to promote modern Enlightenment ideas of individual liberty and self-determination Black and post colonial nationalists present their movements as providing an alternative political and/or economic arrangement to the dominant white western model

Answer 12

All forms of nationalism are to some extent backward looking as they base their claims on the cultural heritage of a historic nation Conservative nationalists place a particular emphasis on understanding and celebrating the historical cultural heritage of one’s nation. Integral and fascist forms of nationalism tend to look back to a golden age to which their nation must return