Liberalism Flashcards
Classical Liberals views on human nature
Classical liberals believed that limited state was rooted in the belief that individuals are self-reliant and self-seeking. They perform at their best when left along and instinctively egotistical self-interested. Only restricted where there is a threat
Modern Liberals views on human nature
Modern liberals believe individuals posses a sociable side and are mere selfish pleasurer seekers. Favour some external intervention to counter this.
Classical Liberals views on the state
Classical liberals had a pessimistic view of the state as was seen to be interfering. It was needed to maintain public order but it’s roles should be highly restricted
Modern Liberals views on the state
Modern liberals took a more positive view of the state and it should be almost ‘entirely hands off’. The state should play a proactive role in enhancing life opportunities of the majority
Classical Liberals views on society
Downplayed the importance of society primarily as a collection of individuals, pursuing their own interests. They advocated the concept of a meritocracy, whereby individuals succeed through their own ability and hard work. Individuals are entitled to the same legal and political rights.
Modern Liberals views on society
Modern liberals this was too narrow and believed in positive freedom in realizing one’s potential. It is not enough to guarantee true social equality. People should still be free to make their own choices but society is more than the sum of the individuals it contains.
Classical Liberals views on the economy
Classical liberals thought that free meant being left alone and supported laissez-faire economics. Free market-capitalism.
Modern Liberals views on the economy
Conscious of the failings of the market and argued state intervention is necessary to promote sustainable growth and limit injustice.
