National system Flashcards
What is a constitution and what does it do?
A blue print for American government, makes the fundemuntal rules for the country
What was the 1787 constitutional convention?
The 1787 constitutional convention is a gathering of delegates, it was where the constitution was made
Who were some of the people that attended the constitutional convention?
George Washington, James Madison, Thomas jefferson
What was the Virginia plan?
Strong government with three branches, a bicameral legislature w/ representation based on population, favoring larger states
What was the New Jersey plan?
New Jersey plan advocated a unicameral legislature w/ equal representation for each state
What was the Connecticut compromise?
The Connecticut compromise established a bicameral legislature w equal representation in the senate and equal in the house of representatives
What was the three-fifth compromise?
Stated that every 3 slaves could count as 1 vote
Who were the anti-federalists
The anti-federalist were the group that was against their liberty being taken away, they were against the constitution
Why did many of the federalists accept the ratification of the U.S constitution?
James Madison had promised the bill of rights
Embargo Act
This act stopped all shipping of American products to foreign ports
Treaty of Ghent
The agreement that ended the war of 1812, established peace
Battle of Tippecanoe
Battle that Americans defeated American Indians in Indiana territory
Non-intercourse Act
Law that stopped all trading US trading w/ Great Britain & France
Who was Francis Scott Key
He wrote “the star spangled banner”
What law was the Orders in council
British law that forbade neutral vessels from trading with France
Battle of New Orleans
The final US victory in the War of 1812
Hartford convection
A meeting of New England federalists who considered disbanding from the US
What did the Judicial act of 1929 establish
Our federal court system
What was impressment?
British policy of kidnapping American sailors
Whiskey rebellion causes:
A challenge to federal authority & served as the first test case for the new government
Who were the cabinet?
Presidential advisors
What was the US acquired title to Indian lands making up much present Ohio & part of Indiana
Treaty of greenville
The Miami leader who was gifted strategist and forced to surrender at the Battle of fallen timbers
Little turtle
Capitalism
An economic system consisting of private businesses and competition that determined the good cost and how much workers are paid
Right of deposit
Americans could temporily unload goods at New orleans without paying Spain a duty
Sectionalism
Loyalty to a particular part of the country
Bill of rights
The first ten amendments to the constitution
Anthony Wayne
The victor at the Battle of Fallen Timbers
Alexander Hamilton
The first secretary of the Treasury and President Washington’s most trusted adviser
What is republicanism?
Government in which political leaders receive an input from citizens to get authority to make and enforce laws
Why did Thomas Jefferson compose the Virginia statue of Religious freedom?
To argue that every man has the right to act upon their religious beliefs
How did each state follow the example of Thomas Jefferson?
Each state forbid any state churches that supported tax dollars
How did state constitution affect women?
Women were not granted full citizenship, not allowed to participate in politics or have a right to hold office
Why did republican Mother expand women’s education?
Women had an essential role to play as mothers, they had the power to influence the outcome of politics in the future due to being responsible for their children’s education
Problem for state wo/ western land
Prospect of raising taxes
What were states willing to do regarding the articles of confederation?
Join in a loose union
what were the states not willing to do regarding the articles of confederation?
Hand over control to a national government
When was the articles of confederation adopted?
November 15th, 1777
What did the states have under confederation?
Sovereignty, freedom and understanding
Each state had one vote in the articles of confederation regardless of..
It’s number of representatives and it’s population
The land ordinance of 1785 divided:
Each township into 640 acre tracts
The land of ordinance of 1785 had one section reserved for:
The establishment of a school
The land ordinance of 1785 was the first:
National government aid
The land ordinance of 1785 had four sections for?
Veterans of the revolutionary war
Northwest ordinance territory covered:
North of the Ohio river, to the Great lakes & west of the missisippi river
Northwest Ordinance set a precedence for
settling territories farther west
What did shay’s rebellion demonstrate?
The central government was not good with dealing with civil unrest
Where was the constitutional convention?
Philadelphia, may 14th 1787
Who was the presiding officer at the consititutional convention?
George washington
Who was the Virginia plan drafted by?
James madison
Definition of federalism?
The division of powers between a central government and state government
Who was the father of the constitution?
James madison
What does bicameral mean?
made up of two houses
How many houses of legislature did the New Jersey plan go for?
one house of legislature
How many votes did each state have regarding the New Jersey plan?
1 vote
Roger sherman’s 2 house legislature allowed:
equal representation based on population
Great compromise granted the upper house:
an equal voice, regardless of the size
Great compromise granted the lower house:
according to population
Southern economy depended on:
exports of rice, tobacco etc.
What are tariffs?
Taxes on imports & exports
What could congress levy tariffs on?
imports and not exports
Federalists favored:
Ratification
Federalists favored ratification because
it ensured a strong currency & protected property rights
Anti-federalists feared:
powerful national government
Anti-federalist thought ratification would destroy:
state rights
The federalist papers were written by:
James madison, John jay
Anti-federalists were enraged by the lack of what
The lack of a bill of rights
What did states demand before ratifying
individual rights, in a bill of rights
First amendments of the bill of rights were:
Freedom of religion
Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press
Right to trial
Right to peaceful assembly
Judiciary Act of 1789 established:
A supreme court w/ one chief justice and 5 associates
Judiciary Act of 1789 created the office of
Attorney General
what is a bureaucracy?
A system of government where most decisions are made by state officials and not elected represenatives
who are part of the cabnet?
Committee of senior ministers responsible for government policy
what is the Embargo
An official ban on trade or commercial activity with a particular country
Who is francis Scott key
Authour of the star spangled banner, witnessed the bombardment of fort McHenry during the war of 1812
Hartford convention
series of meetings located in Hartford, Connecticut attended by delegates from New England that opposed the war of 1812
Impressment
Forcing an indivual to serve in a navy or army
John marshall
4th chef justice of the US from 1801-1835 he was known as a founding father
Judicial review
A review by the US supreme court of the constitutional validity of a legislature act
Louisiana Purchase
in 1803, the US purchased 828,000 square miles of land from France for $15 million (Louisiana)
Marbury v. Madison
Landmark decision of US supreme court establishing the principle of judicial review (Ameerican courts had the power to strike down law they found violated the constitution
Precedent
a court decision that serves as an example or guide for future similar cases
Tariff
A tax or duty to be paid on a certain class of imports
What two plans were made at the constitutional convention?
The Virginia plan & the new Jersey plan
Which plan called for two houses in Congress
The Virginia plan
Which plan wanted equal representation w/ one vote per state?
The New Jersey plan
What did the compromise do in terms of representation for the states?
States have equal representation for the states
What group was for the constitution?
The federalists
What group was against the constitution?
Anti-federalists
What did anti-federalists add to the constitution to limits its powers?
The bill of rights
What other country had a rebellion?
France
Who was the famous chief justice appointed by John Adams?
John marshall
The twelfth amendment:
Forced electors to vote for president and vice president on a separate ballots
The Louisian purchase land were explored by:
Meriwether lewis & William clark
The louisiana purchase explorers were aided by
sacagawea
The writings of who inspired Americans to venture west
Zebulon pike
Main provisions of the treaty of Ghent
returning prisoners/restoring war territories
