Nasopharyngeal Diseases Flashcards
fibromuscular connective tissue arising from mucosal lining of nasopharynx, auditory tube, or middle ear
polyps (cats>dogs)
what connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear?
auditory tube
T/F: sneezing is localized to the nasopharynx while reverse sneezing is localized to the nasal cavity
FALSE, opposite
sneezing (expiratory) reverse sneezing (inspiratory)
how do you treat polyps in a cat?
- traction-avulsion and corticosteroids
- ventral bulla osteotomy
what is the purpose of doing a CT before an endoscopy?
to localize the lesion
what test do you need to do to r/o neoplasia when working up a cat you think has polyps?
histopathology
what are the possible causes of nasopharyngeal stenosis?
regurgitation, chronic inflammation, post-surgical scarring, trauma, congenital anomaly, and mass
what is the most common cause of fungal rhinitis in cats?
cryptococcus
T/F: fungal rhinitis occurs more commonly in older cats
FALSE, younger
what is a common clinical sign you might see that puts fungus at the top of the differential list for a patient with rhinitis?
enlarged lymph nodes
T/F: bony destruction usually does not occur with cryptococcus
TRUE
you perform a culture on a cat with rhinitis and it’s positive for crypto. is this the cause of the rhinitis?
need further testing, some cats have in nasal cavity without an infection
what is the common cause for chronic rhinosinusitis in cats?
feline herpes-virus type I
what is the antibiotic of choice for treating a cat with chronic rhinosinusitis?
doxycycline
what is the most common cause of fungal rhinosinusitis in dogs?
aspergillus fumigatus
what is the typical signalment and breed of a dog with nasal aspergillosis?
young to middle-age, dolichocephalic, GSD
what clinical signs might you see in a dog with nasal aspergillosis?
mucopurulent nasal discharge (often copious), sneezing +/- epistaxis, facial pain, depigmentation, and ulceration
what might you see on a CT of a dog with nasal aspergillosis?
significant destruction of turbinates & cavitations
what treatment would you do for a dog with nasal aspergillosis and has an INTACT cribriform plate?
topical infusion of clotrimazole or enilconazole
oral antifungal if not intact
what are the common causes of idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis
aberrant immune response, inhaled allergens and irritants, and hypersensitivity to native organisms
what is the typical signalment and breed for a dog with idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis?
young to middle-aged dolichocephalic and mesaticephalic large breeds and dachshunds
what might you see on a CT of a dog with idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis?
normal or turbinate lysis and mucus accumulation (not common)
how do you treat idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis?
long-term (6+ mo) antibiotic w/ immunomodulatory effects and NSAID
-doxycycline or azithromycin and piroxicam
what drug could you use to treat a refractory case of idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis?
itraconazole
