NASM -Endocrine System & Cardio-respiratory System

Question 1

Endocrine system

Answer 1

system of glands ; secrets hormones to regulate bodily function

Question 2

Testosterone

Answer 2

Responsible for male sex traits (adrenal glands)

Question 3

Estrogen

Answer 3

influences fat deposition on hips, buttocks, and thighs; responsible for female sex traits

Question 4

Growth hormone

Answer 4

anabolic hormone; responsible for bodily growth up until puberty

Question 5

Insulin

Answer 5

Regulates energy and glucose metabolism in the body , secreted by pancreas

Question 6

Cardiorespiratory System

Answer 6

cardiovascular and respiratory system

Question 7

Cardiovascular System

Answer 7

heart, blood, vessels

Question 8

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 8

shorter, more tightly connected than skeletal muscle, involuntary

Question 9

atria

Answer 9

smaller, superior chamber of the heart; receive blood from veins

Question 10

Right Atrium

Answer 10

gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart

Question 11

Left Atrium

Answer 11

gathers oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 12

Sinoartial (SA) Node

Answer 12

located in right atrium; initiates impulse for heart rate; “pacemaker for the heart

Question 13

Ventricles

Answer 13

Larger, inferior chambers of the heart. pump blood out

Question 14

Right Ventricle

Answer 14

pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 15

Left Ventricle

Answer 15

Pumps oxygenated blood to the body

Question 16

Arteries

Answer 16

Cary blood away from the heart

Question 17

Veins

Answer 17

Carry blood to the heart

Question 18

Arterioles

Answer 18

Small branches of arteries; end in capillaries

Question 19

Capillaries

Answer 19

Smallest blood vessels ; sites go gas , chemical, and water exchange

Question 20

Venules

Answer 20

Very small; connect capillaries to larger veins

Question 21

Stoke volume

Answer 21

amount of blood pumped with each contraction

Question 22

Heart rate

Answer 22

The rate at which the heart pumps; average untrained adult 70-80 bpm

Question 23

Respiratory system

Answer 23

lungs and respiratory pathways; brings in oxygen, removes CO2

Question 24

Inspiration

Answer 24

contacting inspiratory muscles to move air into lungs

Question 25

Inspiratory muscles

Answer 25

Primary - diaphragm, external intercostals

Secondary - scalenes, petoralis minor, abdominals

Question 26

Expiration

Answer 26

relaxing inspiratory muscles (passive), contracting expiratory muscles(active to move air out.

Question 27

Expiratory muscles

Answer 27

internal intercostals , abdominals

Question 28

Resting Oxygen Consumption (VO2)

Answer 28

-3.5 ml x kgv-1 x minv-1=1 metabolic equivalent (MET)

Question 29

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max )

Answer 29

highest rate of oxygen transportation and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion

Question 30

Abnormal breathing patterns

Answer 30

associated with stress and anxiety ; may result in headaches, fatigue, poor circulation, and/or poor sleeping patterns

Question 31

Cardiorespiratory exercise:
Increases ?
Decreased

Answer 31

Increases- cardiac output , breathing efficiency, oxygen transport and use , use of fats for fuel, metal alertness, ability to relax and sleep, tolerance to stress , lean body mass, metabolic rate

Decreases -resting heart rate, cholesterol, blood pressure, and the risk of heart disease, blood clots , depression, anxiety, obesity, and diabetes

Question 32

cardiac output

Answer 32

volume of blood pumped per min; heart rate x stroke volume