NASM Chapter 16

Question 1

Hypertension

Answer 1

Consistently elevated arterial blood pressure, which, if sustained at a high enough level, is likely to induce cardiovascular or end-organ damage.

Question 2

BMI

Answer 2

Body mass index (BMI) is a rough assessment based on the concept that a person’s weight should be proportional to their height.

Question 3

Type 1 diabetes,

Answer 3

often referred to as juvenile diabetes because symptoms of the disease typically first appear in childhood, is the result of the pancreas not produc- ing insulin. As a result, blood sugar is not optimally delivered into the cells, resulting in “hyperglycemia” or high blood sugar.

Question 4

Type 2 diabetes

Answer 4

s associated with obesity, particularly abdominal obesity, and accounts for 90 to 95% of all diabetes (10). Patients with type 2 diabetes usually produce adequate amounts of insulin; however, their cells are resistant and do not allow insulin to bring adequate amounts of blood sugar (glucose) into the cell.

Question 5

Valsalva Maneuver

Answer 5

maneuver in which a person tries to exhale forcibly with a closed glottis(windpipe) so that no air exits through the mouth or nose as, for example, in lifting a heavyweight. The Valsalva maneuver impedes the return of venous blood to the heart.

Question 6

Osteoporosis

Answer 6

Condition in which there is a decrease in bone mass and density as well as

an increase in the space between bones, resulting in porosity and fragility.

Question 7

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Answer 7

A condition characterized by narrowing of the major arteries that are responsible for supplying blood to the lower extremities.