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ENT > NASAL POLYPS > Flashcards

NASAL POLYPS Flashcards

1
Q

Bilateral ethmoidal polyps are common in _________

A

adults

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2
Q

Antrochoanal polyps are common in __________

A

children

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3
Q

What is the etiology of ethmoidal polyps?

A

Rhinosinusitis
Disorders of ciliary motion
Abnormal composition of mucus

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4
Q

Write the causes of ethmoidal polyps in detail.

A

Chronic rhinosinusitis (NARES)
Asthma
Aspirin intolerance
Cystic fibrosis
Allergic fungal sinusitis
Kartagener syndrome
Young syndrome
Churg Strauss syndrome
Nasal mastocytosis

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5
Q

What are the causes of Antrochoanal polyps?

A

Infection
Allergy

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6
Q

D/Ds of polyps

A

Blob of mucus
Hypertrophied middle turbinate (hard and pink)
Angiofibroma (easily bleed on probing)
Neoplasm

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7
Q

How to diagnose polyp?

A

X-ray PNS
CT contrast PNS

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8
Q

Number of polyps
Ethmoidal =?
Antrochoanal =?

A

Ethmoidal = Multiple
Antrochoanal = Solitary

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9
Q

Origin of Antrochoanal poylps

A

Maxillary ostium near the ostium

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10
Q

Origin of Bilateral Ethmoidal polyps

A

Ethmoidal sinus, uncinate process, middle turbinate, and middle meatus

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11
Q

Why is Antrochoanal poylp missed on anterior rhinoscopy?

A

It grows backward to the choana. It may hang down behind the soft palate

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12
Q

How do ethmoidal polypi grow?

A

Mostly grow anteriorly and may present at the nares

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13
Q

Size and shape of Antrochoanal polypi

A

Antral part
Nasal part
Choanal part (protrude through the choana and obstruct both sides)

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14
Q

Size and shape of Bilateral ethmoidal polypi

A

Small and grape-like masses

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15
Q

Recurrence of antrochoanal polyp is ___________

A

uncommon if removed completely

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16
Q

Recurrence of ethmoidal polyp is ____________

A

Common

17
Q

What are the symptoms of ethmoidal polyps?

A

Obstruction
Loss of smell
Headache
Sneezing
Discharge

18
Q

What are the symptoms of antrochoanal polypi?

A

unilateral obstruction
Thick voice - hyponasality
Discharge

19
Q

What are the signs of ethmoidal polypi?

A

Broadening of the nose
Do not bleed on touching
Increased intercanthal distance

20
Q

What are the treatment options for antrochoanal polypi?

A

Polypectomy
Endoscopic removal
Caldwell Luc operation

21
Q

What are the treatment options for bilateral ethmoidal polypi?

A

Polypectomy
Endoscopic surgery
Ethmoidectomy (intranasal, extranasal, or transantral)

22
Q

Some important points to remember in Nasal polyps

A

Red, fleshy, friable granular in elder (CA risk)
Epistaxis (CA risk)
Orbital symptoms (CA risk)
Examine it for CSF as it can be encephalocele or meningoencephalocele

ENT (12 decks)

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