BENIGN CONDITIONS OF LARYNX Flashcards
What is Reinke’s Edema
Bilateral symmetrical fusiform subepithelial swelling of the vocal cords
Reinke’s edema is most commonly seen in?
Middle aged men and women
What is the etiology of Reinke’s edema?
Smoking
Misuse of voice
Chronic sinusitis
Amyloid tumors in the larynx are associated with ____________ and ____________
Autoimmune diseases
Multiple myeloma
The amyloid tumor presents as _________ mass that can be removed surgically
submucosal
Symptom of amyloid tumor in the larynx
Hoarseness
What is intubation granuloma?
The lesion presents bilaterally on the posterior third of vocal cords usually due to rough or prolonged intubation/ intubation performed with a large tube
Management of intubation granuloma
Rest the voice box
Endoscopic removal of granuloma
What is vocal contact ulcer granuloma?
Arytenoid vocal process hammer each other causing ulcers and congestion of the mucosa → granuloma formed
Etiology of Contact Ulcer granuloma
Misuse of voice
Gastric reflux
What are the symptoms of vocal contact ulcer granuloma?
Hoarseness
Desire to clean the throat
Pain on phonation
Management of VCUG
Antireflux therapy
Speech therapy
Intralesional injection/Inhaled steroids
Micro laryngeal surgey
Management of VCUG
Antireflux therapy
Speech therapy
Intralesional injection/Inhaled steroids
Micro laryngeal surgery
Explain the features of vocal nodules
Bilateral nodules on the Anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 of the cord usually seen in singers, teachers, actors.
Hyperplastic epithelium
Management of vocal nodules
Use less voice - small nodules
Surgery/Operating microscope/Cold instrument/Laser for large nodule
Explain features of vocal polyp
Unilateral
Present on anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 junction
Presents as hoarseness, stridor, dyspnea, choking, and diplophonia
Etiology of vocal polyp
Allergy
Smoking
Misuse of voice
What is laryngocele?
Air-filled cystic swelling when the ventricles enlarge and become abnormally dilated
What are the symptoms of laryngocele?
It presents with hoarseness, cough and, if large, airway obstruction
It might be associated with carcinoma
Types of laryngocele
Internal
External (herniated)
Combined
Who are at risk of developing laryngocele?
Trumpet players
Presentation of external laryngocele
An external laryngocele is a reducible bulge in the neck which increases on coughing or on performing Valsalva.
What is the treatment of laryngocele?
Excision
Marsupilization
What are the types of squamous papilloma?
Juvenile (viral in origin)
Adult onset (30-50 years, males)
____________ virus predisposes the child to get squamous papilloma.
HPV 6 and 11
Location of Squamous papilloma
Juvenile → Supraglottic, Glottic
Adult onset → Anterior 1/2 of vocal cord or Anterior commissure
____________ papilloma, in contrast to ____________ type, does not recur after surgical removal
Adult-onset papilloma, in contrast to juvenile type, does not recur after surgical removal
Treatment of squamous papilloma
Microlaryngeal surgery
CO2 laser
CUp forceps debrider
Interferon Alpha 2 Cl
Chrondroma
Which cartilage?
Symptoms?
Dx
Treatment
Cricoid cartilage
Dyspnea, lump in the throat
CT, Biopsy (CO2 laser)
Excison by laryngofissure or lateral pharyngotomy or laryngectomy is tumor is large
Hemangioma
Types?
Location?
Symptoms?
Treatment?
Juvenile (capillary) → Subglottic → Stridor in first 6 months → Tracheostomy and CO2 laser
Adult (cavernous) → Supraglottic or glottic → Obstruction and Hoarseness → Steroids and Radiotherapy
What are the features of Granular cell tumor?
Schwann cells
in submucosa
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia resembling well differentiated CA
Tx is excision
