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ENT > BENIGN CONDITIONS OF LARYNX > Flashcards

BENIGN CONDITIONS OF LARYNX Flashcards

1
Q

What is Reinke’s Edema

A

Bilateral symmetrical fusiform subepithelial swelling of the vocal cords

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2
Q

Reinke’s edema is most commonly seen in?

A

Middle aged men and women

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3
Q

What is the etiology of Reinke’s edema?

A

Smoking
Misuse of voice
Chronic sinusitis

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4
Q

Amyloid tumors in the larynx are associated with ____________ and ____________

A

Autoimmune diseases
Multiple myeloma

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5
Q

The amyloid tumor presents as _________ mass that can be removed surgically

A

submucosal

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6
Q

Symptom of amyloid tumor in the larynx

A

Hoarseness

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7
Q

What is intubation granuloma?

A

The lesion presents bilaterally on the posterior third of vocal cords usually due to rough or prolonged intubation/ intubation performed with a large tube

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8
Q

Management of intubation granuloma

A

Rest the voice box
Endoscopic removal of granuloma

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9
Q

What is vocal contact ulcer granuloma?

A

Arytenoid vocal process hammer each other causing ulcers and congestion of the mucosa → granuloma formed

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10
Q

Etiology of Contact Ulcer granuloma

A

Misuse of voice
Gastric reflux

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of vocal contact ulcer granuloma?

A

Hoarseness
Desire to clean the throat
Pain on phonation

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12
Q

Management of VCUG

A

Antireflux therapy
Speech therapy
Intralesional injection/Inhaled steroids
Micro laryngeal surgey

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13
Q

Management of VCUG

A

Antireflux therapy
Speech therapy
Intralesional injection/Inhaled steroids
Micro laryngeal surgery

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14
Q

Explain the features of vocal nodules

A

Bilateral nodules on the Anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 of the cord usually seen in singers, teachers, actors.
Hyperplastic epithelium

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15
Q

Management of vocal nodules

A

Use less voice - small nodules
Surgery/Operating microscope/Cold instrument/Laser for large nodule

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16
Q

Explain features of vocal polyp

A

Unilateral
Present on anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 junction
Presents as hoarseness, stridor, dyspnea, choking, and diplophonia

17
Q

Etiology of vocal polyp

A

Allergy
Smoking
Misuse of voice

18
Q

What is laryngocele?

A

Air-filled cystic swelling when the ventricles enlarge and become abnormally dilated

19
Q

What are the symptoms of laryngocele?

A

It presents with hoarseness, cough and, if large, airway obstruction
It might be associated with carcinoma

20
Q

Types of laryngocele

A

Internal
External (herniated)
Combined

21
Q

Who are at risk of developing laryngocele?

A

Trumpet players

22
Q

Presentation of external laryngocele

A

An external laryngocele is a reducible bulge in the neck which increases on coughing or on performing Valsalva.

23
Q

What is the treatment of laryngocele?

A

Excision
Marsupilization

24
Q

What are the types of squamous papilloma?

A

Juvenile (viral in origin)
Adult onset (30-50 years, males)

25
Q

____________ virus predisposes the child to get squamous papilloma.

A

HPV 6 and 11

26
Q

Location of Squamous papilloma

A

Juvenile → Supraglottic, Glottic
Adult onset → Anterior 1/2 of vocal cord or Anterior commissure

27
Q

____________ papilloma, in contrast to ____________ type, does not recur after surgical removal

A

Adult-onset papilloma, in contrast to juvenile type, does not recur after surgical removal

28
Q

Treatment of squamous papilloma

A

Microlaryngeal surgery
CO2 laser
CUp forceps debrider
Interferon Alpha 2 Cl

29
Q

Chrondroma
Which cartilage?
Symptoms?
Dx
Treatment

A

Cricoid cartilage
Dyspnea, lump in the throat
CT, Biopsy (CO2 laser)
Excison by laryngofissure or lateral pharyngotomy or laryngectomy is tumor is large

30
Q

Hemangioma
Types?
Location?
Symptoms?
Treatment?

A

Juvenile (capillary) → Subglottic → Stridor in first 6 months → Tracheostomy and CO2 laser
Adult (cavernous) → Supraglottic or glottic → Obstruction and Hoarseness → Steroids and Radiotherapy

31
Q

What are the features of Granular cell tumor?

A

Schwann cells
in submucosa
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia resembling well differentiated CA
Tx is excision

ENT (12 decks)

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