HYPOPHARYNX Flashcards
Plummer Vinson Syndrome is AKA __________________
Patterson Brown Kelly Syndrome
PVS is characterized by
Dysphagia, iron deficiency anemia, koilonychia, glossitis, angular stomatitis, and achlorhydia, and atrophy of the mucosa of GI tract
PVS age and gender affected
female past 40
Dx of PVS
barrium swallow and esophagoscopy shows a web in post cricoid region
How is web formed in PVS?
Web is formed due to subepithelial fibrosis
In PVS there is increased risk of developing
Post cricoid CA
Treatment of PVS includes
Oral and parenteral iron
B12, B6
Dilatation of esophagus by bougies
What is Zenker’s Diverticulum
Mucosa herniates through Kilian’s Dehiscence (a week area between inferior constrictor muscle
Explain the pathyphysiology of the ZD
Spasms of the muscles (cricopharyngeal sphinter) during swallowing
Age of Zenker diverticulum
After 60 years
Why and when does the food enter in the pharyngeal pouch?
Mouth of the sac is wider than esophagus so all the food enters the sac
What are the symptoms of Zenker Diverticulum?
Dysphagia
Aspiration pneumonia
Cough
Gurgling sound produced during swallowing
How to diagnose Zenker Diverticulum?
Barium swallow
What is treatment for Zenker Diverticulum?
Excision
Dohlman Procedure
Endoscopic Laser Surgery
CA of pyriform sinus is common in __________
middle-aged men
CA of post cricoid is common in __________
young females
What is the presentation of CA of pyriform sinus?
remain asymptomatic, pricking sensation + bilateral cervical nodes involvement + refered pain + local symptoms
What is the presentation of CA of post-cricoid?
Dysphagia
Malnutrition
Weight loss
Bilateral paratracheal nodal involvement
How to diagnose CA pyriform sinus?
Mirror examination, barium swallow, CT, and endoscopy
How to diagnose CA post-cricoid?
Laryngeal crepitus is lost
X-ray shows increased prevertebral shadow
Barium swallow
Treatment of CA pyriform sinus
Radiotherapy
Total laryngectomy and pharyngectomy are done
The pharyngoesophageal segment is reconstructed
Treatment option for CA post-cricoid
Laryngo-pharyngo-esophagectomy + Radiotherapy
Which one of the following has a poor prognosis?
CA pyriform sinus/CA post-cricoid
CA post-cricoid
