Nancy Test 1 Cardiomyopathy

Question 1

What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy a dysfunction of

Answer 1

Contractile (systolic) function

Question 2

What is the number one cause of DCM

Answer 2

idiopathic

Question 3

Causes of DCM?

Answer 3

ABCCCD

Alcohol
Beriberi
Cocksackie
Cocaine
Chagas 
Doxirubicin

Question 4

Treatment for DCM

Answer 4

heart transplant

Question 5

What is hypertrophic cardioomyopathy a dysfunction of

Answer 5

diastolic filling

systolic function is preserved

Question 6

What is classically seen in HCM

Answer 6

asymmetrical septal hypertrophy in subaortic area

Question 7

What are the buzz words for HCM

Answer 7

haphazard disarray of bundles of myocytes

extensive myocyte hypertrophy

Question 8

What causes HCM

Answer 8

Genetics 100%

genes that encode sarcomeric proteins

Question 9

What does HCM cause? filling,size, CO

Answer 9

impaired filling of LV
large LV
decreased CO

This leads to inc pulmonary venous pressure

Question 10

What causes sudden death in athletes

Answer 10

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Question 11

How do you treat HCM

Answer 11

remove part of the mass of the septum

Question 12

What is the #1 cause of myocarditis in the US

Answer 12

coxsackies viruses A and B

Question 13

What causes myocarditis in south america

Answer 13

trypanosoma cruzi

Chagas

Question 14

What chamber can mural thrombi be in in myocarditis

Answer 14

any of them

Question 15

Types of myocarditis

Answer 15

Interstitial infiltrate- lymphocytes

Hypersensitivity - perivascular (lyphocytes, macrophages, eosinophils)

Giant cell- giant cells, poor prognosis

Question 16

What is the normal range of fluid on the heart?

Answer 16

30 to 50 ml of clear fluid. Used for lubrication

Question 17

If fluid gets to >500ml on the heart, what is at risk of happening

Answer 17

cardiac tamponade

Question 18

What happens first in cardiac tamponade

Answer 18

right side fails first because it is thinner, then the left side follows

Question 19

What do you see clinically in cardiac tamponade

Answer 19

distant heart sounds

JVD

Question 20

What is the most common type of pericarditis

Answer 20

secondary

Question 21

What usually causes primary pericarditis

Answer 21

viruses

Question 22

serous pericarditis

Answer 22

noninfectious inflammation

Question 23

fibrinous pericarditis

Answer 23

surface is dry with granular roughening

loud pericardial friction rub

Question 24

serofibrinous pericarditis

Answer 24

thick yellow to bloody fluid and fibrin

Question 25

purulent pericarditis signs

Answer 25

infective organism

creamy pus 400-500ml (~cardiac tamponade area)

fever/chills

Question 26

Hemorrhagic pericarditis

Answer 26

blood mixed witha fibrinous/suppurative effusion

Question 27

What is linked to Hemorrhagic pericarditis

Answer 27

TB

Malignant neoplasm

Question 28

What does diffuse ST elevations indicate

Answer 28

pericarditis

Question 29

What does pericarditis cause

Answer 29

pulsus paradoxus

retratcion of the rib cage and diaphragm

hypertrophy and dilation of heart

Question 30

What does constrictive pericarditis do

Answer 30

limits diastolic expansion due to scar tissue

restricting cardiac output

Question 31

What is systemic hypertensice heart disease (Left) and what is impaired

Answer 31

LV hypertrophy with NO heart pathology to explain it

Diastolic filling impaired

Question 32

what does systemic hypertensice heart disease (Left) present as

Answer 32

atrial fibrilation because of a dilated LA

Question 33

What is systemic hypertensice heart disease (Right)

Answer 33

RV hypertrophy due to pulmonary hypertension

AKA Cor Pulmonale

Question 34

You see upper respiratory and kidney involvement, what can you run to test for granularomis w/ polangitis

Answer 34

PR3-ANCA

Question 35

MPO-ANCA can help pick?

Answer 35

Churg strauss- asthma/eosinophilia

microscopic polyangitis