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DT 3 > Nanc Test 1 Aneurysms > Flashcards

Nanc Test 1 Aneurysms Flashcards

1
Q

What has nerves and blood supply to blood vessels

A

vasa vasorum

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2
Q

Where does blood flow go from pulsatile to steady

A

arterioles

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3
Q

If you are looking in an endothelium vessel and see no RBCs, what is it?

A

lymphatics

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4
Q

What makes a true aneurysm

A

All layers are involved, and the wall is thinned in an area

The blood stays within the cirulation

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5
Q

What makes a false aneurysm

A

Defect in vascular wall

Pulsating hematoma is created

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6
Q

Classificaiton of aneurysms are?

A

saccular and fusiform

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7
Q

What is the pathogenesis with inflammation caused aneurysms

A

MMPs degrade ECM components

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8
Q

What causes Cystic medial degeneration

A

1) inner media ischemia due to atherosclerosis

2) outer media ischemis due to narrowing of vasa vasorum from hypertension

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9
Q

What is the most common cause of aneurysms

A

atherosclerosis

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10
Q

What is the most common site of athersosclerotic aneurysms

A

abdominal aorta

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11
Q

Who most commonly has AAA

A

older men

smokers

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12
Q

Where does AAA occur

A

below renal arteries but above bifurcation

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13
Q

What is the most dangerous thing with aneurysms

A

rupture

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14
Q

What is rupture risk related to? What is good/bad?

A

diameter

<4 is good

> 6 is bad (35% rupture risk)

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15
Q

Clinically what do you see in AAA

A

abdominal mass (palpably pulsating) (also may hear bruit)

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16
Q

What causes Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

A

Syphillus (pathoma)

Hypertension (Nancy)

17
Q

How can Thoracic AA present

A

difficulty breathing or swallowing

chest pain due to bone erosion

18
Q

What is an Aortic dissection

A

tear in the intima

19
Q

Who gets aortic dissections most often

A

hypertensive males 40-60

OR

Young patients with abnormal connective tissue (Marfans)

20
Q

What is the major risk factors for aortic dissection

A

1) hypertension

2) aquired connective tissue disorder (Marfan/ehlers-Danlos)

21
Q

What causes the intimal tear

A

unknown

22
Q

What can aortic dissection cause

A

cardiac tamponade

23
Q

What side of the heart fails first in cardiac tamponade

A

Right side because it is thinner

24
Q

What is the most detectable lesion in aortic dissection

A

Cystic medial degeneration

25
Q

What are Type A aortic dissections

A

proximal lesions that involve ascending aorta

26
Q

What are type B aortic dissections

A

distal lestion that begin distal to subclavian artery

27
Q

Which subtype involves branches and can result in compressions

A

DeBakey I

coronary–> MI
Carotid–> stroke

28
Q

Clinical presentation of Aortic dissection?

A

Sudden onset of excrutiating pain

radiates from ant chest to back

29
Q

What can retrograde aortic dissection cause

A

disruption of aortic valve leading to cardiac tamponade

DT 3 (6 decks)

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