Naming Compounds and Nomenclature Flashcards
List the functional groups in order of importance (most to least)
1- Carboxylic acids
2- Esters
3- Amides
4- Aldehydes
5- Ketones
6- Alcohols
7- Thiols
8- Amines
9-Alkenes
10- Alkanes
What is the acronym to find the root of a compound?
HPFG (highest contiguous carbon chain containing a functional group of highest priority)
What is 1-10 in the root?
1- Meth
2- Eth
3- Prop
4- But
5- Pent
6- Hex
7- Hept
8- Oct, 9- Non
What is step 2 in naming a compound?
Determines the longest carbon chain with the HPFG
What is step 3 in naming a compound?
Determine if there are alkenes in the compound, if yes use -en in the root instead of -an
What is step 4 in naming compounds?
Determine the appropriate prefixes for REMAINING functional groups
ex. 1 carbon (methyl)
What is step 5 in naming compounds?
Assign number to carbons in the root carbon chain (count right to left/ where functional group starts)
What is the suffix for Carboxylic acids?
-oic acid
What is the suffix for Esters?
-oate
What is the suffix for Amides?
-amide
What is the suffix for aldehydes?
-al
What is the suffix for Ketones?
-one
What is the suffix for alcohols?
-ol
What is the suffix for thiols?
-thiol
What is the suffix for amines?
-amine
What is the suffix for alkenes?
-ene
What is the suffix for alkanes?
-ane
What is the prefix or ketones?
oxo
What is the prefix alcohols?
hydroxy
What is the prefix thiols?
mercapto
What is the prefix amines?
amino
What is the prefix alkenes?
enyl
What is the prefix alkanes?
yl
What is an alkene?
When there is a double bond in a carbon chain
What is an alkane?
When there is a single bond in a carbon chain
