Drugs

Question 1

What is the target of B-Lactam

Answer 1

transpeptidase

Question 2

What is the substrate of B-Lactam

Answer 2

peptidoglycan

Question 3

What is the overall effect of B-Lactam?

Answer 3

to kill gram positive bacteria

Question 4

What is the target of Statins?

Answer 4

HMG-CoA reductase

Question 5

What is the substrate of Statins?

Answer 5

HMG-CoA

Question 6

What is the effect of Statins?

Answer 6

decrease cholesterol, better heart health, lower atherosclerotic plaque

Question 7

What is the target of ACE Inhibitors?

Answer 7

ACE

Question 8

What is the substrate of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 8

angiotensin l

Question 9

What is the effect of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 9

decrease production of angiotensin ll and decrease BP

Question 10

What is the target of a cancer chemo drug?

Answer 10

DNA

Question 11

What is the substrate of cancer chemo drugs?

Answer 11

N/A

Question 12

What is the effect of cancer chemo drugs?

Answer 12

to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells

Question 13

What is the target of SGLT-2 inhibitors?

Answer 13

SGLT-2 channel

Question 14

What is the substrate of SGLT-2 inhibitors?

Answer 14

glucose

Question 15

What is the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors?

Answer 15

lower glucose levels, decrease Type 2 diabetes symptoms. Excrete sugar in urine and blocks reuptake of glucose

Question 16

What is the target of NSAID?

Answer 16

COX ll

Question 17

What is the substrate of NSAID?

Answer 17

arachidonic acid

Question 18

What is the effect of NSAID?

Answer 18

reduces pain and inflammation, prevents prostaglandin formation

Question 19

What is the target of a SSRI

Answer 19

serotonin re-uptake channel

Question 20

What is the substrate of an SSRI?

Answer 20

serotonin

Question 21

What is the effect of an SSRI?

Answer 21

increases effect of serotonin boosting mood.
- more specifically slows serotonin vacuuming so it can bind to more receptors in the synapse

Question 22

What is the target of an opioid?

Answer 22

opioid receptor

Question 23

What is the substrate of an opioid?

Answer 23

endorphins, enkephalins

Question 24

What is the effect of opioids?

Answer 24

euphoria, pain management.
More specific, lowers feelings of euphoria that cause addiction

Question 25

What is the target of Immune Evasion inhibitors?

Answer 25

PD-1 protein in T-cells

Question 26

What is the substrate of Immune Evasion inhibitors?

Answer 26

PD-L protein on cancer cells

Question 27

What is the effect of immune evasion inhibitors?

Answer 27

recognition of cancer cells by T cells, and blockage of immune evasion signaling

Question 28

What is intercalation?

Answer 28

where the chemo agent sits in DNA to prevent transcription

Question 29

What is reuptake?

Answer 29

vacuuming of neurotransmitters in a synapse

Question 30

Are opioids agonist or antagonist?

Answer 30

agonists

Question 31

What is an agonist?

Answer 31

binds to receptors and causes a response

Question 32

What is an antagonist?

Answer 32

bind to a receptors with no response (ex. stop opioid response/ narcan)

Question 33

Is B-lactam reversible or irreversible?

Answer 33

irreversible

Question 34

Are NSAID's reversible or irreversible?

Answer 34

both/either

Question 35

Are ACE inhibitors reversible or irreversible?

Answer 35

irreversible

Question 36

What do GLP-1 agonists do?

Answer 36

slows down gastric emptying and increases satiety

Question 37

What is the target of a GLP-1 agonist?

Answer 37

GLP-1 receptors

Question 38

What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

Answer 38

gram positive- membrane and thick peptidoglycan gram negative- membrane, thin peptidoglycan, and outer membrane

Question 39

Where is insulin made?

Answer 39

the pancreas

Question 40

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 40

pancreas cannot produce insulin. Treatment is insulin injection, (autoimmune disease)

Question 41

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 41

body needs increased insulin production for same amount of carbs. treatment is diet, exercise, and SLGT-2 inhibitor

Question 42

What is insulin?

Answer 42

a hormone/polypeptide that acts a key to allow/signal glucose reuptake

Question 43

What does reverse transcriptase do?

Answer 43

it takes viral genetic material (RNA), and turns it back into DNA (alters it), and this makes it uncurable

Question 44

What are the two types of vaccines?

Answer 44

live virus and dead pathogens (heat killed)

Question 45

What are subunit vaccines?

Answer 45

pieces of viruses or bacteria

Question 46

List things about corona virus?

Answer 46

lipid enveloped, + SS RNA, translation of + RNA, protease activity, spiky proteins,

Question 47

List things about HIV

Answer 47

retorvirus, reverse transcribe + RNA into DNA, makes dsDNA, dsDNA to nucleus, insertion of dsDNA into host cell genome, expression of viral genes

Question 48

What are the key protein in HIV

Answer 48

reverse transcriptase, integrase, and HIV protease

Question 49

What is lactose?

Answer 49

Galactose and glucose bonded