Names Flashcards
Pondered truth, beauty and justice; derived principles by logic
Socrates
Abstract, unsystematic philosophy; derived principles by logic
Plato
Student of Socrates
Plato
Student of Plato
Aristotle
Loved data and observations; believed knowledge is not preexisting, that it grows from experience and memories
Aristotle
“I think, therefore I am.” Truth is found through reason and deduction; studied how mind and body communicate
Rene Descartes
One of the founders of modern science; fascinated by the human mind and its failings
Francis Bacon
Believed upon entering the world, humans’ minds are a blank slate; knowledge is not innate
John Locke
Believed science could be formed to explain people
Thomas Hobbes
In contrast to Locke, believed our minds are active, not passive
Immanuel Kant
Founder of psychology; set up first psychological lab at the University of Leipzig; set up first psychological journal; attempted to study and analyze consciousness
Wilhelm Wundt
Studied time lapse between hearing a sound and pressing a button
Wilhelm Wundt
Founder of structuralism (using introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind)
Edward Titchener
Founder of functionalism (focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt, survive and flourish)
William James
First female president of APA; researched memory
Mary Calkins
First female psychology PhD; 2nd female APA president; researched animal behavior
Margaret Floy Washburn
Believed healing ailments came from manipulating body fluids; came up with mesmerism (hypnotism)
Anton Mesmer
Believed in phrenology (nature of a person could be known by studying a skull)
Franz Joseph Gall
Continued Gall’s work
J. Spurzheim
Made evolution a scientifically sound principle
Charles Darwin