Named Supporting Studies In Clinical

Question 1

Monoamine depression support

Answer 1

Sen found negative correlation of BDNF in blood serum and sz symptoms

Question 2

Ellis and beck depression supporting study

Answer 2

Evans found that in 12000 pregnant women, those with the nostrils negative beliefs of the world then went on to develop depression. However not generalisable as pregnant so could be effected by irregular hormones

Question 3

Drug therapy in depression supporting study

Answer 3

March found that 81% significant improvement rate in depressive symptoms, same as CBT, so works just as well and proved to be significant in reducing symptoms
HOWEVER march found that improvement was 86% when combined
Cipriani et at meta analysis of 522double blind trials found that all drug treatments worked better than placebo

Question 4

CBT therapy for depression

Answer 4

March et al found 81% significant improvement in symptoms
HOWEVER found 86% increase when paired with drug treatment.
Irene elkin found that 239 pp - just as effective as antidepressants
HOWEVER found that relapse rate of 36% after 18 months

Question 5

Dopamine hypothesis support

Answer 5

Tenn et al inducing sz symptoms in rats with amphetamine that works as a dopamine agonist and stimulates the release of domaine in the synapse
HOWEVER animal study so not applicable
Snyder et al found that chlorpromazine binds to D2 receptors and acts as an antagonist to have an antipsychotic effect

Question 6

Social causation theory support

Answer 6

Vassos et al found that in a meta analysis of 24000 sz pp, location was linked to sz
HOWEVER correlational study so may have been to ID or other variables
Tenn and rats as a weakness

Question 7

Genes as a cause of sz

Answer 7

Gottesman and Sheilds correlation of twins and sz. 42% in MZ and 9% in DZ
However only correlation/not generalisable/well below 50%

Question 8

DSM supporting study

Answer 8

Reiger found that PTSD diagnosis had a kappa value of 0.60-0.79 showing high levels of agreement, especially after the standards had changed for schizophrenia

Question 9

ICD supporting study

Answer 9

Mason et al compared ways of making a diagnosis and said that it was ‘reasonably good at predicting disability’ when assessing 99 people with sz 13 years later
2006 study shows that the proportion of people who had the same diagnosis of sz was increased by 26%
However only 55% for disorders e.g child disorders

Question 10

CBT for schizophrenics

Answer 10

Nice meta analysis found that CBT reduced the rated of re-hospitalisation in sz patients
McKenna found that when compared to other treatments it only came in 2/9

Question 11

Drug treatment for sz strength

Answer 11

Zhoe et al did a study and found that 17/19 of the antipsychotics series better than a placebo